This systematic review offers an overview of the results of research from the last 10 years con-cerning the teacher-student relationship and its connection with other attachment theory con-structs and child development variables. An exhaustive search of Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO was performed, finding a total of 24 studies that met the established eligibility criteria. The evidence accumulated between 2010 and 2020 suggests that: 1) early care experiences have an effect on the formation of new relationships at primary school, although it is possible that children will construct new mental representations based on interactions in day to day life, 2) at the level of the teacher's characteristics, attachment style and the availability towards children's needs seem to be associated with school adjustment and problematic behaviour in children, and 3) the quality of the teacher-student relationship is significantly associated with externalizing and internalizing behaviour, school liking, peer acceptance, academic performance, self-concept and emotional regulation in children. For its part, when evaluating the quality of the teacher-student relationship, STRS continues to be widely used to study the teacher's perspective. However, in recent years other measurement instruments have become available that explore the perspective of the student, most notably CARTS and SPARTS. Advances in the study of the teacher-student relationship as a bond with important implications for the development of children in the pri-mary education stage are discussed.

Recent studies in museum education focus on the quality of visitor experience to help engagement. To understand how it occurs when it comes to dealing with young visitors to modern art museums, the researchers studied the esthetic experience of Mark Rothko's masterpiece Untitled (1969) with 678 primary and 335 secondary students. Four dimensions-sensory, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual, are taken into consideration for the development and preliminary validation of a specific instrument to evaluate the so-called "Rothko experience." Based on quantitative data analysis, results suggest that school visitors can experience Mark Rothko's modern art intensely by perceiving changes in its color and other sensory features while making self-references to time and space vanish. Besides, cultural background makes a difference in intensely experiencing Rothko's modern art. Suggestions are made for the development of pedagogical strategies that engage young audience in museum experience of modern art.

This article analyzes the design, development, and evaluation of a program on the contemplation of beauty through art aimed at museums: Mysteria, the Beauty of Silence. It investigates if this program is an efficient way to cultivate the awareness of beauty and to favor its transformative power via the art that is contained within museums. The program had a gradual development and included the design of specific art-contemplation techniques. These techniques are eclectically based on the influence of Zen practices, Advaita Vedanta, Yoga, Mindfulness and the guidelines given by Mark Rothko to enable meaningful experiences. The program was developed in the Can Framis Museum of Barcelona (Spain). Twenty-four participants between the ages of 31 and 65 years each contributed over a period with a duration of nine weeks. The usage of a mixed methodology, both quantitative and qualitative, allowed demonstration of the existence of marked changes in the participants in terms of their significant experience with immaterial beauty.

El contexto social que ha generado la pandemia Covid-19 está caracterizado por la aparición de situaciones continuadas de sufrimiento personal, miedo y aislamiento que pueden generar diversos grados de estrés, angustia y estados de ánimo negativos que repercuten en una disminución del bienestar de las personas. Frente a esta situación, los diferentes equipamientos sociales necesitan responder, con una perspectiva de ayuda para las personas. Estos equipamientos, como los museos, pueden desempeñar un papel activo, constituyéndose en generadores de propuestas que ayuden a minimizar esta terrible situación. Los museos también pueden focalizarse en proporcionar más cuidado que redunde en la generación de bienestar en la población que desencadene una reducción del estrés y de la ansiedad. El Museo Universidad de Navarra, consciente de la gravedad de la pandemia y del papel que el arte puede desempeñar para paliar sus consecuencias, dando así un servicio a la comunidad, ha creado un programa específico con la intención de proporcionar cuidado, bienestar y reducción del estrés: el programa QuidArte. Con esta intención se ha programado un amplio abanico de propuestas artísticas: conciertos, espectáculos de danza, teatro, talleres y conferencias que utilizan, de forma interdisciplinar y creativa, tanto las artes plásticas como las artes escénicas.

Throughout its history, the museum has undergone a great evolution in the sense that it has shifted its weight from the column of objects to the column of people. Today, museums face many challenges in an increasingly fast-paced and changing society, where the personal, the social, diversity and inclusion are advancing forcefully. Taking into account the necessary adaptation of the museum to social requirements, this article analyzes the situation of the museum institution with foresight for the future to conceptualize the so-called metamuseum, capable of reflecting with itself in real time and with characteristics such as resilience, interdisciplinarity, adaptation, openness, independence and delocalization. Tise article proposes the metamuseum as a fifth generation of museums, where the interaction with objects is transformed into a successful experience where the needs and expectations of individuals and social groups are fully satisfied.

This article aims to point out how school autonomy helps principals reach higher quality by increasing flexibility in three areas: pedagogy, organization and management. Autonomy leads to an improvement in student performance and, consequently, in educational quality. A theoretical framework based on literature review and PISA results is followed by a qualitative field study with school management teams in Spain. The study questions how far goes real autonomy in pedagogical, organizational and management issues of the schools. Data from 12 Spanish schools are collected by using a questionnaire made ad hoc to assess the three mentioned areas of flexibility. Results show that flexibility for pedagogy, organization and management is very limited in the Spanish schools consulted, coinciding with minimal autonomy granted to these areas by current Spanish legislation on education. The main conclusion reached is that management teams have a key role in promoting autonomy when governments confer it to schools. In accordance with this aim, teacher and management team training is crucial. Broadening the study by data triangulation with other members of the school community (teachers, students and families) is proposed.

Family members, educators, and counsellors are key agents in accompanying adolescents in self-knowledge and the search for their vocational identity. This accompaniment should begin in stages prior to adolescence so that when they reach this stage, the support received from adults has prepared them to make decisions for themselves, choosing those options that respond to their deepest motivations. Although the current generations of young people have extraordinary technological resources that facilitate their access to higher studies and professional field, they find it difficult in previous stages to lay the foundations for coping with this process. The lack of training and criteria, the difficulty of self-knowledge, together with the ease of peer influence in decision-making, highlight the importance of intensifying personal and professional guidance during this stage of adolescence.

This article is the result of a collaboration between the Mater Dei Diocesan School, Ayegui, and the University of Navarre Museum, Pamplona, both located in the Foral Community of Navarre, Spain. This article relates the experience of the Infant section of the Mater Dei Diocesan School in the development of the educational project the ¿Kids¿ Museum,¿ which was conducted in collaboration with the University of Navarre Museum and aimed at the first cycle of early childhood education (0¿3 years old). In this project, both organizations adopted an educational instruction method using materials for children in early childhood, including the practice of art activities and storytelling. To this end, the museum loaned the school a portable box with varied resources. All materials and activities were connected to the works of art that are part of the permanent collections of the museum.

The study defines quality pedagogical patterns for the design and development of archaeological heritage education programs. A literature review on heritage education, with special attention to the Spanish context, first outlines the theoretical framework starting from a general approach to heritage transmission theory and examining specific pedagogical methodologies in archaeology. The second part of the paper reports on a field study that identifies and analyzes best educational practices in Mediterranean archaeological sites and museums. After discussion of the results in the light of the theory, quality patterns for future program design are defined.

The twinning of Sacred Paths is a new experience because of the possible synergy it creates. This article studies the twinning of the Way of Saint James in Spain with the Japanese Kumano Kodo. This twinning unites the pilgrimages, unites spirituality, unites nature, unites creation, unites culture, but in totally different contexts. From Western Christian culture we pass to Eastern Buddhist-Shintoist culture. The pilgrim acquires significant life experiences, Non-Dual experiences on both routes and is transformed, and thus accredited, as a dual pilgrim. Different spheres of the person will be affected: the perceptual sphere, emotional sphere, cognitive sphere, social, relational, cultural and natural sphere and spiritual sphere.

Since its conception, environmental education has carried out numerous plans, strategies and programmes aimed at restoring an adequate person-nature relationship, addressing the main environmental problems that threaten the planetary ecosystem balance. Even though environmental education proposes an integral education, it is infrequent that the spiritual dimension of the person appears reflected in its programmes. However, spirituality, which often manifests itself by providing affect and meaningful significant life experiences, aims to be a key factor in the development of lasting pro-environmental behaviours. Promoting and valuing ecological spiritual intelligence is configured as an interesting advance for environmental education. For example, starting from the cultural-naturalistic values provided in every part of the territory. As an example, we propose the one made in the Basque country (Spain), using the spirituality contained in the Basque mythology.

Los museos pueden incorporar eventos destacados a su programación educativa, como es el caso de la pandemia Covid-19 que actualmente está afectando numerosos aspectos de la sociedad, tanto en aspectos personales, familiars, escolares y comunitarios. El Covid-19 se ha convertido en un centro de interés para las personas susceptible de ser aprovechado por las instituciones educativas. Entre ellas, el Museo Universidad de Navarra ha querido transformar la situación que esta pandemia genera en una oportunidad educativa. Para ello ha desarrollado el programa ¿256 colores, after Vik Muniz¿ con el principal objetivo de fomentar la inteligencia creativa y emocional en los escolares a través del arte. Se trata de un proyecto colaborativo en el que han participado 704 escolares de educación primaria de 23 centros educativos. La instrucción educativa programada utiliza la creatividad para generar una introspección que ayuda a la identificación y gestión emocional en esta situación de pandemia, buscando la experiencia significativa como método para fomenter un aprendizaje más significativo. La creatividad se ha potenciado mediante sinergias contextuales con obras de arte reales de las exposiciones del propio Museo, especialmente con la obra ¿256 colors, after Gerhard Richter¿ (2015), del artista brasileño Vik Muniz. La realidad generada por el Covid ha obligado al Museo a adaptarse para realizar el programa educativo en dos escenarios diferentes: modalidad presencial en el Museo o en el

The aim of the present study is to describe the behavioral and emotional disturbances in the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and to analize the impact of having a member with FXS on different aspects of family functioning. A sample of 79 parents with a member with FXS and 80 parents with a member with typical development participated in the study. Results showed that between 17% and 66% of children and adolescents with FXS displayed significant behavioral and emotional disturbances and fewer prosocial behaviors. In addition, after controlling for behavioral and emotional difficulties, our results showed that families affected by FXS experienced a more negative impact on feelings about parenting, finances, siblings, and the degree of difficulty of living with a child or adolescent with FXS, and greater family adaptability and cohesion than the comparison group. In conclusion, our results highlight that it is important to consider these differences in clinical practice when supporting and counselling families affected by FXS.

From any teacher's point of view, along their professional career, they can meet a student that falls ill, the formation in Hospital Pedagogy must not be directed exclusively to teachers who develop their professional career inside the hospital context, but for any member of the education profession that is going to exercise in education. METHOD: to analyze if there are needs that exist of specific formation in the area of Hospital Pedagogy, the questionnaire CODEPH-MAGHOS (Ruiz, 2016) has been applied to all the hospital teachers in the Valencian Community, that gathers 95 specific competences as for Hospital Pedagogy. In the questionnaire, it is requested that they indicate which is the degree of importance that they attribute to each competence for the professional performance in hospital classrooms, as well as the level of acquisition of the above mentioned competence in their university formation. RESULTS: the obtained results demonstrate the lack of specific formation in Hospital Pedagogy of education professionals who are active in hospital classrooms of the Valencian Community, fundamentally specific formation before the incorporation to the Hospital Pedagogy Units. DISCUSSION: This study contributes conclusive data on the need to incorporate formation in Hospital Pedagogy in Education degrees.

Environmental education is a discipline that tries to find new methodologies and tools to advance in the achievement of its goals. The museum education proposed by art museums, because of its specific methods and power of significance, can be a way forward for environmental education that is worth exploring. The theory of meaningful learning can be used by both disciplines to support and achieve more meaningful, and therefore lasting, learning among people. The complementarity and synergy between these disciplines can be established from their points of conceptual coincidence. The main research goals of this article have been two: to study and show the intrinsic complementarity of these disciplines from a conceptual viewpoint, and to show how their combined strength and complementarity can inspire specific educational proposals for the challenges of education in the twenty-first century. For example, those that focus on educating on the complexity of the world. The presentation and discussion of this conceptual framework may suggest educational instructions that move towards the interdisciplinary nature of environmental education, using as an educational resource that which is housed in art museums.

The artist Jorge Oteiza (Orio, Spain, 1908-2003) is considered one of the main sculptors of the 20th century. Jorge Oteiza won the International Sculpture Prize at the IV São Paulo Biennial, held in 1957, which elevated him internationally. Oteiza's conceptual evolution as a sculptor moves him towards a special relationship with the unoccupied space, the void, seeking a metaphysics of space through absence or negativity, where light also plays a prominent role, being incorporated into the sculptural process. These ideas are concretized in the negative relief mural that he calls Direct Relief / Homage to Bach (1956). This exceptional work from the limited production of his mural works provides an interesting field of study that helps complete the understanding of his thinking and the keys to his aesthetics. Nevertheless, this work is not only close to a plastic-spatial dimension. The work also conveys the special relationship of the Oriotarra sculptor with music in general and Baroque in particular and his concern for serialist avant-garde music and its possibility of plastic representation. The present article tries to make an approach to the interpretation of this work, studying in an analytical and synthetic way the artistic, musical and plastic thought of the artist.

Teaching professionals¿ stress and burnout imply human capital costs and, consequently, economic costs. These costs justify the aim of this research: to offer an analysis of European teachers¿ health compared with other workers. To achieve this goal, a review of PsycoINFO, ERIC, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases from 2017 to 2019 was conducted. The study is complemented by an empirical analysis from the Sixth European Working Conditions Survey (n¿=¿27,756). Main findings show that teachers present higher levels of stress, anxiety, fatigue or sleeping problems when compared to other professions as a whole. Nevertheless, they are more satisfied at work. From an applied perspective, these results point to a need to develop specific actions to improve teachers¿ wellbeing.

El tipo de relación o interacción entre el profesor y sus alumnos, ha sido identificado en añosrecientes como un aspecto que presenta una importante asociación con los distintos procesos que tienen lugar dentro del aula (Kikas y Magi, 2017; Pianta, Downer y Hamre, 2016; Rucinski, Brown y Downer, 2018). En este póster se presenta una revisión del estado de la cuestión sobre los hallazgos en la investigación de los últimos 5 años, relativos al tipo de apego que establece el profesor con sus alumnos y los efectos de esta relación sobre el proceso de aprendizaje de los niños y su desarrollo socioemocional. Para ello, se han revisado diversas publicaciones sobre el tema en las principales bases de datos: SCOPUS, EBSCO, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Dialnet y Redalyc.Los resultados observados en los estudios consultados, apuntan a que la relación profesoralumno:1) juega un rol importante, en términos del aprendizaje de contenidos propios de la etapa escolar de educación primaria y en el desempeño académico; y 2) está asociada con el ajuste de los niños en el contexto escolar; negativamente con los problemas de comportamiento y positivamente con las habilidades sociales.Se constata, por tanto, la relevancia de estos hallazgos en el campo de la enseñanza, y algunosvacíos en la investigación reciente, respecto al papel del tipo de apego que tiende a establecer el profesor con otros y cómo esto puede estar asociado a la calidad de la relación que establece con sus alumnos.

In order to respond from the university to the demand of creating an educational program for an archaeological site, the present project aimed to explore new possibilities to join together research, teaching and transferring knowledge to the field of heritage education. On the one hand, it sought the strengthening of evidence-based methods for this research field. On the other hand, it required the development of effective and innovative teaching methodologies to broaden research possibilities. In 2017-2018 academic year, pyramidal tutoring of seven undergraduate research theses was coordinated by means of project based learning (PBL), cooperative learning (CL) and service-learning. To the literature and best practice previous review, an action-research phase followed to design, implement and evaluate the experimental program, which was finally presented to the community as the educational program of the archaeological site of Santa Criz (Eslava, Spain).

The work of the artist Antoni Tapies (1923-2012) has been widely studied from different disciplines, including his analytical and syncretic vision. This article tries to analyze one of its aesthetic keys: in particular, the conceptualization of its idea process, using the synthesis that appears in the graphic story The Most Beautiful Panting in the World published by Ralph Herrmanns in 1970, in which Tapies is represented as a character-artist. The friendship that emerges between Tapies and Herrmanns allows the creative freedom of the latter, who, as an exceptional interpreter, is capable of capturing Tapies' thought in the tale. The study of this graphic story also allows us to advance in the study of some educational variables that can intervene in the teaching-learning processes of the arts, such as the artist's relationship with the educational intention that appears as a moral in the story-tale. In this moral of a fable, as a conclusion or educational synthesis, Tapies tries to express his aesthetic thinking about the creative process, represented in his artistic work.

As in the case of the 80th anniversary of Picasso's Guernica, painted in 1937, museums can incorporate significant dates and anniversaries into their educational programming. The University of Navarra Museum has taken advantage of the opportunity presented by this anniversary to present an educational project entitled "Guernica," whose primary objective was to foster peace through art. This anniversary project was a collaborative one in which 946 individuals (primarily students) between the ages of 3 and 103 participated, using their creativity to seek a significant experience. In the course of the project, contextual synergies were established with artworks from the museum: Mousquetaire, Tete (Picasso, 1967) and Tombstone to the peaceful town that was Guernica (Oteiza, 1957).

Especialmente en las últimas décadas, las funciones sociales atribuidas a los museos han experimentado una progresiva ampliación, caracterizada por la incorporación a sus espacios y actividades de nuevas audiencias de carácter muy diverso. Con el objetivo fundamental de convertirse en instituciones inclusivas y al servicio de toda la sociedad, han puesto el foco en aquellos segmentos poblacionales con más riesgo de encontrarse en sus márgenes o su periferia: personas con discapacidad, desempleados, enfermos, inmigrantes, presidiarios... Este artículo presenta una descripción y balance de algunas de las numerosas iniciativas llevadas a cabo por los museos navarros en esta dirección.

The reality of the nature that we see can have multiple messages and meanings. Some of these are patent and continuously communicate with the individual, but others are hidden and are more difficult to unravel. A deep, contemplative and scrutinizing gaze is necessary to detect these messages. Educating this ¿new¿ way of seeing can help reinforce a person-nature bond that includes the aesthetic appreciation of beauty. This work shows the education of the gaze related to the artist César Manrique and the special bond that he established with the island of Lanzarote. He describes some key experiences, considered to be significant life experiences (SLEs), that revealed deep and secret messages to him and made him understand the true magnitude of the person-nature bond.

The nature and scope of the experiences offered to museum visitors are varied and changing, given that museums make it possible to explore new methodologies for unleashing and transmitting meaning during visits. In this regard, at the University of Navarra Museum, we researched the possibilities for mindfulness as a contemplative technique to train ways of looking at artwork and generating meaning. Bearing this purpose in mind, we selected Rothko¿s Untitled (1969) as an ideal work with which to begin to develop and analyze an experience with students in a course on art therapy and mindfulness.

The experience offered by a museum to a visitor can have different nature and importance for everyone. Each artwork is perpetually sending a message to the viewer, possibly creating an art-person link. This link can provide experiences of great significant power to the visitor. The article below aims to delve into the facilitation of these experiences in the case of the paintings created by the artist Mark Rothko work (1903-1970). Their special characteristics mean that they can be called "Rothko experiences". As a result, a guide to viewing the work, based on the artist's recommendations, has been developed which can facilitate the emergence of these so-called "Rothko experience". Specifically, some of the multiple "realityaesthetical- art" connections experienced between Rothko's work and people whom observation incorporate an aesthetical and metaphysical dimension of reality are presented. To help in the understanding of these profound experiences and the aesthetical education of sensibility, the narrative method is used through two chronicles that gather the experiences lived by the authors in their contemplation of Rothko's work. These chronicles are examples that can help to understand the possibilities of Rothko's contemplative painting. The result is a synthetic study of Rothko work conceptualization, through one guide and the narrative dialectics between two "Rothko experiences" to show his aesthetical way of thinking, represented in his paintings.