Resumen:
The gut microbiotaprofile is determined by diet composition, andtherefore this interaction is crucial for promoting specific bacterialgrowth and enhancing the health status. Red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) contains severalsecondary plant metabolites that can exert a protective effect onhuman health. Recent studies have shown that radish leaves have ahigher content of major nutrients, minerals, and fiber than roots,and they have garnered attention as a healthy food or supplement.Therefore, the consumption of the whole plant should be considered,as its nutritional value may be of greater interest. The aim of thiswork is to evaluate the effects of glucosinolate (GSL)-enriched radishwith elicitors on the intestinal microbiota and metabolic syndrome-relatedfunctionalities by using an in vitro dynamic gastrointestinalsystem and several cellular models developed to study the GSL impacton different health indicators such as blood pressure, cholesterolmetabolism, insulin resistance, adipogenesis, and reactive oxygenspecies (ROS). The treatment with red radish had an influence on short-chainfatty acids (SCFA) production, especially on acetic and propionicacid and many butyrate-producing bacteria, suggesting that consumptionof the entire red radish plant (leaves and roots) could modify thehuman gut microbiota profile toward a healthier one. The evaluationof the metabolic syndrome-related functionalities showed a significantdecrease in the gene expression of endothelin, interleukin IL-6, andcholesterol transporter-associated biomarkers (ABCA1 and ABCG5), suggestingan improvement of three risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome.The results support the idea that the use of elicitors on red radishcrops and its further consumption (the entire plant) may contributeto improving the general health status and gut microbiota profile.
