Resumen:
Objective: To investigate the association between different versions of a provegetarian food pattern (FP) and micronutrient inadequacy. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline through a validated 136-item FFQ. Participants were classified according to groups of different versions of a provegetarian FP: overall, healthful and unhealthful. The prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamins B-1, B-2, B-3, B-6, B-12, C, A, D, E, folic acid, Zn, I, Se, Fe, Ca, K, P, Mg and Cr was evaluated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method and the probabilistic approach. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the probability of failing to meet EAR for either >= 3 or >= 6 micronutrients. Setting: Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Participants: 17 825 Spanish adults. Results: Overall, subjects in the highest group of the unhealthful provegetarian FP had the highest prevalence of inadequate dietary intake for every vitamin and mineral, compared to those in the lowest group. The adjusted OR of failing to meet >= 3 EAR (highest v. lowest group) was 0 center dot 65 (0 center dot 54, 0 center dot 69) for the overall, 0 center dot 27 (0 center dot 24, 0 center dot 31) for the healthful and 9 center dot 04 (7 center dot 57, 10 center dot 4) for the unhealthful provegetarian FP. Conclusion: A higher adherence to an overall and healthful provegetarian FP was inversely associated with the risk of failing to meet EAR values, whereas the unhealthful version was directly associated with micronutrient inadequacy. Provegetarian FP should be well planned, prioritising nutrient-dense plant foods and minimising ultra-processed and unhealthy ones.
