Resumen:
In recent decades, agricultural production is being affected by a sharp increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Due to the greenhouse effect gases, crops are impacted by enhanced temperatures and concomitantly by increased scarce water availability. All arid and semiarid areas, including Mediterranean viticulture, must face these three climate change-related factors: atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature increases, and scarce water for irrigation. Scarce water is a problem even in irrigated viticulture, as irrigation is becoming more and more restricted. Within this context, the aim of this work was to investigate grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. red and white Tempranillo) vegetative and reproductive growth. Fruit-bearing cuttings were grown under elevated CO2 (around 700 micromol mol-1 or ppm, versus 400), high temperature (ambient temperature +4°C, versus ambient) and water deficit (cyclic drought, versus full irrigated) in temperature gradient greenhouses for three consecutive growing seasons (years 2013, 2014 and 2015). Climate change impacted markedly vegetative growth. Within the abovementioned factors, vegetative growth (total vegetative mass) was significantly reduced by drought (consistent the three years) and was associated to a low substrate water status and low leaf stomatal conductance. Elevated CO2 stimulated total vegetative mass, whereas leaf area was not affected. When plants were grown under elevated CO2, the largest increases were observed ...
