"Freedom requires responsibility." Thus Emmanuel Derieux, Professor of Information Law at the University of Paris II, claimed at the University of Navarra. There, he analyzed the balance between freedom of expression and respect for the religious sentiment of others at a seminar that focused on the Charlie Hebdo crisis. The seminar was organized by the Religion and Civil Society project at the Institute for Culture and Society (ICS) and the School of Communication of the University of Navarra.

The expert stressed that legislation guarantees both freedom of expression and thought. "The difficulty is how they coexist in practice," he said. "Although some think that the freedom of expression is absolute and has no limits, this is not so in a democracy: one's freedom comes face to face with others' freedom and this demands respect."

In this regard, he stressed the importance of journalistic responsibility and recalled that in the United States, "the country of the freedom of expression par excellence," the media does not reproduce controversial cartoons likes those from the satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo "as a matter of respect for others."

With regard to Islam, Professor Derieux said, "experts remind us that it is nonviolent" and he stressed the need to distinguish it from Islamist radicals. "In France, many of these people are not integrated in society: they live in difficult areas, they have not attended school, they are unemployed and fall into drug trafficking ... And when they go to jail, they are radicalized."

"They live in a world without opportunities and the only future they envision is to become martyrs," he said. To curb this, he suggested that the solution is to foment "education, culture and work" among them, as well as "media accountability" in news coverage.