Revistas
Revista:
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
1699-048X
Año:
2023
Vol.:
25
N°:
2
Págs.:
429 - 439
Background: Local cancer therapy by combining real-time surgical exploration and resection with delivery of a single dose of high-energy electron irradiation entails a very precise and effective local therapeutic approach. Integrating the benefits from minimally invasive surgical techniques with the very precise delivery of intraoperative electron irradiation results in an efficient combined modality therapy.
Methods: Patients with locally advanced disease, who are candidates for laparoscopic and/or thoracoscopic surgery, received an integrated multimodal management. Preoperative treatment included induction chemotherapy and/or chemoradiation, followed by laparoscopic surgery and intraoperative electron radiation therapy.
Results: In a period of 5 consecutive years, 125 rectal cancer patients were treated, of which 35% underwent a laparoscopic approach. We found no differences in cancer outcomes and tolerance between the open and laparoscopic groups. Two esophageal cancer patients were treated with IOeRT during thoracoscopic resection, with the resection specimens showing intense downstaging effects. Two oligo-recurrent prostatic cancer patients (isolated nodal progression) had a robotic-assisted surgical resection and post-lymphadenectomy electron boost on the vascular and lateral pelvic wall.
Conclusions: Minimally invasive and robotic-assisted surgery is feasible to combine with intraoperative electron radiation therapy and offers a new model explored with electron-FLASH beams.
Revista:
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
2234-943X
Año:
2023
Vol.:
12
Págs.:
1116433
Revista:
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
0167-8140
Año:
2022
Vol.:
170
Págs.:
159 - 164
Background: Wound healing complications (WHC), osteoradionecrosis (ORN), and nerve damage (ND) are common adverse effects in adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and the superficial trunk treated with surgery and perioperative high dose rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) alone or combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).
Rationale: Analysis of the treatment factors contributing to these complications can potentially minimize their occurrence and severity.
Patients: A total of 169 patients enrolled in two parallel prospective studies were included in this analysis. Previously Unirradiated cases (Group 1; n = 139) were treated with surgical resection, 16-24 Gy of PHDRB and 45 Gy of EBRT. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to selected patients with high-grade tumors. Previously irradiated cases (Group 2; n = 30) were treated with surgical resection and 32-40 Gy of PHDRB without further EBRT.
Methods: Patient factors, tumor factors, surgical factors, PHDRB factors and EBRT factors were analyzed using Cox univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: In Previously Unirradiated cases, WHC, ORN and ND occurred in 38.8%, 5.0% and 19.4%. Multivariate analysis indicated that WHC increased with CTV size (p = 0.02) and CTV2cm3 Physical dose (p = 0.02). ORN increased with Bone2cm3 EQD2 ¿ 67 Gy(p = 0.01) and ND was more frequent in patients with TV100DVH-based dose (tissue volume encompassed by the 100% isodose) ¿ 84 Gy (p < 0.01). In Previously Irradiated cases, WHC, ORN and ND occurred in 63.3%, 3.3% and 23.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that WHC was more frequent in patients with Skin2cm3Lifetime EQD2 ¿ 84 Gy (p = 0.01) and ND was more frequent after CTVD90 Physical Doses ¿ 40 Gy (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: WHC in Previously Unirradiated patients can be minimized by using a more conservative CTV definition together with a meticulous implant technique and planning aimed to minimize hyperdose CTV2cm3 areas. In Previously Irradiated patients WHC may be mimimized considering Lifetime EQD2 Skin2cm3 doses. ORN can be reduced by using the Bone2cm3 EQD2 constraint. ND occurs more frequently in patients with large tumors receiving high treated volume doses, but no specific constraints can be recommended due to the lack of peripheral nerve definition during brachytherapy planning.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2022
Vol.:
21
N°:
4
Págs.:
475 - 486
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, early toxicity, and clinical outcomes of early-breast cancer patients in a single-arm, phase I/II study of an ultra-accelerated, four-fraction schedule of minimal breast irradiation (4f-AMBI) using a multicatheter, minimally-invasive, intraoperative tumor bed implant (MITBI) during breast-conserving surgery (BCS).
Methods and materials: Eligible women aged >40 years with clinically and radiologically confirmed, unifocal invasive or in situ ¿3 cm tumors were considered as potential candidates for MITBI during BCS. After the pathology report, patients who met APBI criteria received ultra-accelerated four-fractions irradiation (6.2 Gy BID x 4fx over 2 days) with perioperative HDR-brachytherapy (PHDRBT). Early complications, toxicity, clinical outcomes, and cosmetic results were analyzed.
Results: Of 89 patients initially implanted, 60(67.4%) were definitively included in the 4f-AMBI-protocol. The median age was 64.4 years; the median CTV was 32.1 cc (6.9-75.4 cc), and the external-V100 was 43.1 cc (12.87-107 cc), representing 5% of the breast tissue irradiated with a median CTV D90 of 6.2 Gy (5.6-6.28 Gy). The entire local treatment (BCS&MITBI-4f-AMBI) was completed at a median of 8 days (4-10 days). The rate of early complications was 11%. There were no major complications. Acute skin-subcutaneous G1 toxicity was reported in 11.7%, and late G1 toxicity on 36.7%. After a median follow-up of 27 months (11-51 months), the local, elsewhere, locoregional and distant-control rates were 100%, 98.3%, 100%, and 100% respectively. The early-cosmetic evaluation was excellent-good in 94.5% of patients evaluated.
Conclusions: Ultra-accelerated, four-fraction, minimal breast irradiation (4f-AMBI) using a minimally-invasive tumor bed implant procedure is safe, dosimetrically feasible, and shows small irradiated volumes. This program provides low toxicity rates and excellent short-term clinical and cosmesis outcomes.
Revista:
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
2234-943X
Año:
2022
Vol.:
12
N°:
1037262
Págs.:
1037262 -*
Background: Oligo-recurrent disease has a consolidated evidence of long-term surviving patients due to the use of intense local cancer therapy. The latter combines real-time surgical exploration/resection with high-energy electron beam single dose of irradiation. This results in a very precise radiation dose deposit, which is an essential element of contemporary multidisciplinary individualized oncology. Methods: Patient candidates to proton therapy were evaluated in Multidisciplinary Tumor Board to consider improved treatment options based on the institutional resources and expertise. Proton therapy was delivered by a synchrotron-based pencil beam scanning technology with energy levels from 70.2 to 228.7 MeV, whereas intraoperative electrons were generated in a miniaturized linear accelerator with dose rates ranging from 22 to 36 Gy/min (at Dmax) and energies from 6 to 12 MeV. Results: In a period of 24 months, 327 patients were treated with proton therapy: 218 were adults, 97 had recurrent cancer, and 54 required re-irradiation. The specific radiation modalities selected in five cases included an integral strategy to optimize the local disease management by the combination of surgery, intraoperative electron boost, and external pencil beam proton therapy as components of the radiotherapy management. Recurrent cancer was present in four cases (cervix, sarcoma, melanoma, and rectum), and one patient had a primary unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In re-irradiated patients (cervix and rectum), a tentative radical total dose was achieved by integrating beams of electrons (ranging from 10- to 20-Gy single dose) and protons (30 to 54-Gy Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE), in 10-25 fractions). Conclusions: Individual case solution strategies combining intraoperative electron radiation therapy and proton therapy for patients with oligo-recurrent or unresectable localized cancer are feasible. The potential of this combination can be clinically explored with electron and proton FLASH beams.
Revista:
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
1699-048X
Año:
2021
Vol.:
23
N°:
9
Págs.:
1934-1941
Background Pelvic recurrences from previously irradiated gynecological cancer lack solid evidence for recommendation on salvage. Methods A total of 58 patients were included in this clinical analysis. Salvage surgery was performed for locoregional relapse within previously irradiated pelvic area after initial surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy or radical external beam radiotherapy. The primary tumor diagnosis included cervical cancer (n = 47, 81%), uterine cancer (n = 4, 7%), and other types (n = 7, 12%). Thirty-three patients received adjuvant IOERT (1984-2000) at a median dose of 15 Gy (range 10-20 Gy) and 25 patients received adjuvant PHDRB (2001-2016) at a median dose of 32 Gy (range 24-40 Gy) in 6, 8, or 10 b.i.d. fractions. Results The median follow-up was 5.6 years (range 0.5-14.2 years). Twenty-nine (50.0%) patients had positive surgical margins. Grade >= 3 toxic events were recorded in 34 (58.6%) patients. The local control rate at 2 years was 51% and remained stable up to 14 years. Disease-free survival rates at 2, 5, and 10 years were 17.2, 15.5, and 15.5%, respectively. Overall survival rates at 2, 5, and 10 years were 58.1, 17.8, and 17.8%, respectively. Conclusions IOERT and PHDRB account for an effective salvage in oligorecurrent gynecological tumors. Patients with previous pelvic radiation suitable for salvage surgery and at risk of inadequate margins could benefit from adjuvant reirradiation in form of IOERT or PHDRB. However, the rate of severe grade >= 3 toxicity associated with the entire treatment program is relevant and needs to be closely counterbalanced against the expected therapeutic gain.
Autores:
Perez-Echaguen, S. (Autor de correspondencia); Sanz-Freire, C. J. ; Guinot-Rodriguez, J. L.; et al.
Revista:
REPORTS ON PRACTICAL ONCOLOGY AND RADIOTHERAPY
ISSN:
1507-1367
Año:
2020
Vol.:
25
N°:
5
Págs.:
832 - 839
Aim: To establish consensus guidelines for a safe clinical practice of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) interstitial multicatheter brachytherapy (BT). Background: APBI with interstitial multicatheter BT has proved to be effective in the treatment of early stage breast cancer. This paradigm shift in the approach to early breast cancer conservative treatment, along with the existing controversies on the clinical practice of APBI, prompted the Spanish Brachytherapy Group (GEB) of the Spanish Societies of Radiation Oncology (SEOR) and Medical Physics (SEFM) to address BT APBI in a consensus meeting. Materials and methods: Prior to the meeting, a survey with 27 questions on indication, inclusion criteria, BT modality, implant technique, image guidance and simulation, CTV and OAR definition, dose prescription and fractionation, dose calculation, implant quality metrics and OAR dose constrains was distributed. Items not reaching a level of agreement of 70% were discussed and voted during the meeting. Results: 26 Institutions completed the survey, 60% of them perform APBI procedures. The analysis of the survey showed consensus reached on approximately half the questions. An expert panel discussed the remaining items; thereafter, a voting established the definite consensus. Conclusions: This document summarizes the consensus guidelines agreed during the meeting of the Spanish Brachytherapy Group SEOR-SEFM. Institutions with BT facilities available should offer interstitial BT APBI as a treatment option to patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Institutions willing to implement interstitial BT APBI are encouraged to follow the consensus guidelines established herein. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Greater Poland Cancer Centre.
Revista:
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
2405-6308
Año:
2020
Vol.:
24
Págs.:
41-48
Revista:
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1689-832X
Año:
2020
Vol.:
12
N°:
6
Págs.:
521 - 532
Purpose: To evaluate our institutional experience of minimally invasive tumor bed implantation (MITBI) during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to deliver peri-operative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRBT) as accelerated minimal breast irradiation (AMBI) or anticipated boost (A-PHDRBT-boost).
Material and methods: Patients older than 40, with clinical and radiological unifocal DCIS < 3 cm were considered potential candidates for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) and were implanted during BCS using MITBI-technique. Patients who in final pathology reports showed free margins and no other microscopic tumor foci, received AMBI with PHDRBT (3.4 Gy BID in 5 days). Patients with adverse features received A-PHDRBT-boost with post-operative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).
Results: Forty-one patients were implanted, and 36 were treated and analyzed. According to final pathology, 24 (67%) patients were suitable for AMBI and 12 (33%) were qualified for A-PHDRBT-boost. Reoperation rate for those with clear margins was 16.6% (6/36); this rate increased to 33% (4/12) for G3 histology, and 66% (4/6) were rescued using AMBI. Early complications were documented in 5 patients (14%). With a median follow-up of 97 (range, 42-138) months, 5-year rates of local, elsewhere, locoregional, and distant control were all 97.2%. 5-year ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence rates (IBTR) were 5.6% (2/36), 8.3% (2/24) for AMBI, and 0% (0/12) for A-PHDRBT-boost patients. Both instances of IBTR were confirmed G3 tumors in pre-operative biopsies; no IBTR was documented in G1-2 tumors. Cosmetic outcomes were excellent/good in 96% of AMBI vs. 67% in A-PHDRBT-boost (p = 0.034).
Conclusions: The MITBI-PHDRBT program allows selection of patients with excellent prognoses (G1-2 DCIS with negative margins and no multifocality), for whom AMBI could be a good alternative with low recurrence rate, decrease of unnecessary radiation, treatment logistics improvement, and over-treatment reduction. Patients whose pre-operative biopsy showed G3 tumor, presents with inferior local control and more risk of reoperation due to positive margins.
Revista:
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
0167-8140
Año:
2019
Vol.:
135
Págs.:
91 - 99
Background: To analyze toxicity, patterns of failure, and survival in 106 adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and the superficial trunk treated in a prospective controlled trial of combined Perioperative High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (PHDRB) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Methods: Patients were treated with surgical resection and 16 Gy or 24 Gy of PHDRB for negative or close/positive margins, respectively. EBRT (45 Gy) was added postoperatively. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to selected patients with high-grade tumors. Results: The median follow-up was 7.1 years (range, 0.6-16.0). Grade >= 3 adverse events were observed in 22 patients (20.8%), and grade >= 4 events in 14 patients (13.2%). No grade 5 events were noted. Multivariate analysis (p = 0.003) found that Grade >= 3 toxic events increased with increasing implant volume (TV100). Local control, locoregional control, and distant control rates at 5 and 10 years were 89% and 87%, 82% and 80% and 75% and 69%, respectively. Multivariate analysis (p = 0.024) found that positive margins correlated with decreased local control. Disease-free survival and overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 64% and 59% and 73% and 62%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, disease-free survival rates decreased with increasing tumor size (p = 0.0001) and inadequate margins (p = 0.024), and overall survival decreased with increasing tumor size (p = 0.001) and male gender (p = 0.039). Conclusions: The combination of conservative surgery, high-dose PHDRB, and EBRT produces adequate function and local control in the majority of patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and the superficial trunk, including a substantial percentage of cases with positive margins. Patients with larger tumors are at a higher risk of complications, treatment failure, and cancer-related death and require an individualized treatment approach. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2018
Vol.:
17
N°:
5
Págs.:
734 - 741
PURPOSE: To determine the long-term results of a Phase II trial of perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) in primary advanced or recurrent gynecological cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty patients with locally advanced and recurrent gynecological cancer suitable for salvage surgery were included. Unirradiated patients (n = 25) received preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgery and PHDRB (16-24 Gy). Previously irradiated patients (n = 25) received surgery and PHDRB alone (32-40 Gy). RESULTS: Median followup was 11.5 years. Eight unirradiated patients (32%) developed Grade >= 3 toxic events including two fatal events. Local and locoregional control rates at 16 years were 87.3% and 78.9%, respectively. Sixteen-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 42.9% and 46.4%, respectively. Ten previously irradiated patients (40.0%) developed Grade >= 3 adverse events, including four fatal events. Local and locoregional control rates at 14 years were 59.6% and 42.6%, respectively. Fourteen-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 16.0% and 19.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PHDRB allows effective salvage of a subset of unfavorable gynecological tumors with high-risk surgical margins. Toxicity was unacceptable at the initial dose levels but deescalation resulted in the absence of severe toxicity without a negative impact on locoregional control. A substantial percentage of patients remain alive and controlled at >10 years including a few previously irradiated cases with positive margins. (C) 2018 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2018
Vol.:
17
N°:
6
Págs.:
1045
Revista:
ARCHIVOS ESPAÑOLES DE UROLOGIA
ISSN:
0004-0614
Año:
2018
Vol.:
71
N°:
3
Págs.:
298 - 305
OBJECTIVES: We elaborate the bases and rationale for the application of multimodal extended treatment including local radiotherapy in patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer (omPCa). We performed a bibliographic review on the state of the art in this field and propose a therapeutic strategy that incorporates ablative radiotherapy of the primary tumor +/- oligometastatic lesions. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature review consulting different sources that include data bases (Pubmed/Medline), and international treatment guidelines ((NCCN, NCI, EUA). Search criteria: Locally advanced prostate cancer, oligometastatic, disseminated and radiotherapy, ablative or stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT). RESULTS: The most accepted definition for oligometastatic prostate cancer or oligotopic prostatic neoplasia is when we recognize at least 3 non-visceral metastatic lesions in an extrapelvic location. Whole body MRI and PET scan (Choline/PSMA) are non conventional useful tests for staging in the workup for oligometastatic disease. From a clinical point of view, omPCa behaves as an intermediate entity between locally advanced and disseminated or multimetastatic prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) represents the base of treatment for castration sensitive PCs. To date there is no biological marker/genetic sign identified that differentiate aggressiveness profiles in omPca. Most evidence on the use of radiotherapy for this entity comes from retrospective studies, showing a benefit in control and prevention of local symptoms. To date, the survival benefit derived from the application of local treatment to the primary tumor with demonstrable metastatic disease is uncertain, and it has not been shown in the available randomized prospective clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS: Primary tumor radiotherapy in omPca positively influences local control and prevention of local symptoms progression. The level of evidence to recommend prostatic radiotherapy as a therapeutic variable with impact on survival on omPca is limited (Level 2B-3 Category). Research lines in omPca deserve the inclusion of a multimodal systemic treatment including ADT, ablative radiotherapy for the tumor and consolidation radiotherapy in metastatic distant lesions.
Autores:
Fallon, Julia; Park, Sang-Jung; Yang, Lisa; et al.
Revista:
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
1095-6859
Año:
2017
Vol.:
144
N°:
1
Págs.:
21-27
Revista:
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
0167-8140
Año:
2017
Vol.:
122
N°:
2
Págs.:
255 - 259
Surgical resection and PHDRB is a successful treatment strategy in selected patients with previously irradiated head and neck cancer. Long-term locoregional control can be achieved in a substantial number of cases despite a high rate of inadequate surgical resections although at the expense of substantial toxicity.
Revista:
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
0167-8140
Año:
2016
Vol.:
119
N°:
1
Págs.:
30 - 34
Purpose: To assess long-term outcomes and toxicity of adjuvant radiotherapy in the post-surgical management of patients with resected high-grade skeletal osteosarcomas. Methods and materials: Seventy-two patients with primary resected osteosarcomas underwent adjuvant radiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy from December 1984 to December 2008. Local control (LC), overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. For survival outcomes potential associations were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: After a median follow-up of 174 months (range, 33-363 months), 10-year LC, DFS, and OS rates were 82%, 58%, and 73%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis only R1 margin status (p = 0.02) remained significantly associated with LC. Patients with tumor necrosis <90% (p = 0.04) and RI resection margin (p = 0.05) remained at a significantly higher risk of mortality on multivariate analysis. Six patients (8%) developed grade >= 3 treatment-related chronic toxicity events. No grade 5 toxicities were reported. Conclusions: A multimodal radiotherapy-containing approach is a well-tolerated component of treatment for patients with osteosarcomas undergoing programed resection, allowing low toxicity rates while maintaining high local control rates. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1873-1449
Año:
2016
Vol.:
15
N°:
2
Págs.:
127 - 135
Purpose: To compare rectal toxicity, urinary toxicity, and nadir+2 PSA relapse-free survival (bRFS) in two consecutive Phase II protocols of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy used at the authors institution from 2001 to 2012. Methods and Materials: Patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Network high risk and very high risk prostate cancer enrolled in studies HDR4 (2001-2007, n = 183) and HDR2 (2007-2012, n = 56) were analyzed. Patients received minipelvis external beam radiation therapy/intensity-modulated external radiotherapy to 54 Gy and 2 years of androgen blockade along with HDR brachytherapy. HDR4 protocol consisted of four 4.75 Gy fractions delivered in 48 hours; the HDR2 protocol delivered two 9.5 Gy fractions in 24 hours. Average 2-Gy equivalent dose (¿/ß = 1.2) prostate D90 doses for the HDR4 and HDR2 groups were 89.8 Gy and 110.5 Gy, respectively (p = 0.0001). Both groups were well balanced regarding risk factors. Prior transurethral resection of the prostate was more frequent in the HDR2 group (p = 0.001). Results: After a median followup of 7.4 years (range, 2-11.2), there was no difference in adverse grade ¿ 2 rectal events (HDR4 = 10.4% vs. HDR2 = 12.5%; p = ns) or grade ¿3 (HDR4 = 2.2% vs. HDR2 = 3.6%; p = ns). No differences in urinary grade ¿2 adverse events (HDR4 = 23% vs. HDR2 = 26.8%; p = ns) or grade ¿3 (HDR4 = 7.7% vs. HDR2 = 8.9%; p = ns) were detected. The 7-year bRFS for HDR4 and HDR2 protocols was 88.7% and 87.8%, respectively (p = ns). Conclusions: HDR4 and HDR2 protocols produce similar results in terms of toxicity and bRFS at the intermediate time point of 7 years.
Autores:
Isabel Martinez-Fernandez, Maria; Legaspi Folgueira, Jairo; Valtuena Peydro, German; et al.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
ISSN:
1525-1438
Año:
2016
Vol.:
26
N°:
6
Págs.:
1162-1168
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2016
Vol.:
15
N°:
4
Págs.:
485 - 494
Purpose: To assess the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of free-hand intraoperative multicatheter breast implant (FHIOMBI) and perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRBT) in early breast cancer. Methods and Materials: Patients with early breast cancer candidates for breast conservative surgery (BCS) were prospectively enrolled. Patients suitable for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) (low or intermediate risk according GEC-ESTRO criteria) received PHDRBT (3.4 Gy BID × 10 in 5 days). Patients not suitable for APBI (high risk patients according GEC-ESTRO criteria) received PHDRBT boost (3.4 Gy BID × 4 in 2 days) followed by whole breast irradiation. Results: From June 2007 to November 2014, 119 patients were treated and 122 FHIOMBI procedures were performed. Median duration of FHIOMBI was 25 minutes. A median of eight catheters (range, 4-14) were used. No severe intraoperative complications were observed. Severe early postoperative complications (bleeding) were documented in 2 patients (1.6%), wound healing complications in 3 (2.4%), and infection (mastitis or abscess) in 2 (1.6%). PHDRBT was delivered as APBI in 88 cases (72.1%) and as a boost in 34 (27.8%). The median clinical target volume T was 40.8 cc (range, 12.3-160.5); median D90 was 3.32 Gy (range, 3.11-3.85); median dose homogeneity index was 0.72 (range, 0.48-0.82). With a median followup of 38.4 months (range, 8.7-98.7) no local, elsewhere, or regional relapses were observed; there was only one distant failure in PHDRBT boost. No major (acute or late) RTOG grade 3 or higher were documented in any of the 119 patients treated with PHDRBT. Cosmetic outcome in APBI patients was excellent or good in (87.0%) and fair or poor in (11.9%) while in boost patients was excellent or good in (76.4%) and fair in (23.5%). Conclusion: The FHIOMBI-PHDRBT program does not add complications to conservative surgery. It allows precise selection of APBI patients and offers excellent results in disease control and cosmetics. It also offers logistic advantages because it dramatically shortens the time of local treatment and avoids further invasive procedures.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2015
Vol.:
92
N°:
5
Págs.:
1069 - 1076
Purpose: To assess long-term outcomes and toxicity of intraoperative electron-beam radiation therapy (IOERT) in the management of pediatric patients with Ewing sarcomas (EWS) and rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS). Methods and Materials: Seventy-one sarcoma (EWS n=37, 52%; RMS n=34, 48%) patients underwent IOERT for primary (n=46, 65%) or locally recurrent sarcomas (n=25, 35%) from May 1983 to November 2012. Local control (LC), overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. For survival outcomes, potential associations were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: After a median follow-up of 72 months (range, 4-310 months), 10-year LC, disease-free survival, and OS was 74%, 57%, and 68%, respectively. In multivariate analysis after adjustment for other covariates, disease status (P=.04 and P=.05) and R1 margin status (P<.01 and P=.04) remained significantly associated with LC and OS. Nine patients (13%) reported severe chronic toxicity events (all grade 3). Conclusions: A multimodal IOERT-containing approach is a well-tolerated component of treatment for pediatric EWS and RMS patients, allowing reduction or substitution of external beam radiation exposure while maintaining high local control rates. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Revista:
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
0167-8140
Año:
2015
Vol.:
116
N°:
2
Págs.:
316 - 322
Purpose To evaluate the influence of equivalent dose (EQD2) in clinical outcomes of patients with isolated locally recurrent tumors (ILRT), treated with salvage surgery and intra-operative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT). Methods and materials We retrospectively reviewed 128 patients with non-metastatic ILRT of different tissues (soft tissue sarcomas, head and neck, uterine, and colorectal). Patients had received salvage surgery (R0/R1/R2) and IOERT. Previously not irradiated patients had received additional external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Results IOERT was delivered at a median dose of 15 Gy (range, 5-25 Gy). Seventy-five patients (60.9%) received additional EBRT of 46 Gy. Median EQD2 of salvage program was 62 Gy and median EQD2 of exclusive IORT was 31.2 Gy. Median follow-up was 19.2 months (range: 1.3-220). Thirty-one patients (24.2%) developed severe (grade 3-5) complications. New locoregional recurrence was documented in 86 (67.2%) of the 123 cases. Five-year rates were 31% for locoregional control, 57% for distant metastasis-free and 31% for overall survival. On multivariate analysis, R0-1 vs. R2 resection (HR 2.2, 95 CI: 1.2-4.1) was statistically significant for locoregional recurrence and EQD2 ¿62 Gy for survival (HR 2.2, 95 CI: 1.1-4.1). Conclusions Surgical radicality (gross macroscopic resection) and radiation dose (EQD2 ¿62 Gy in radiation salvage program) are the dominant prognostic factors beside ILRT histology. Modest rates of long-term disease control are expected when both factors are fulfilled.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2015
Vol.:
14
N°:
1
Págs.:
62 - 70
PURPOSE: To assess the toxicity and efficacy of salvage wide resection (SWR) with intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT) or perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) in previously unirradiated patients (PUP) vs. previously irradiated patients (PIP) with isolated local recurrence of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities and the superficial trunk. METHODS AND MATERIALS: PUP received SWR and IOERT/PHDRB with external beam radiation therapy. PIP received SWR and IOERT/PHDRB only. RESULTS: Fifty patients were analyzed retrospectively. PUP (n = 24; 48%) received IOERT (n = 13) or PHDRB (n = 11). PIP (n = 26; 52%) received IOERT (n = 10) or PHDRB (n = 16). Reintervention because of complications was not required in PUP. Nine of 26 (34%) PIP required reintervention (p = 0.01). After a median followup of 3.7 years (range, 0.2-18.3), the 5-year rates of locoregional control, distant control, and overall survival were 54%, 66%, and 56%, respectively. Five-year locoregional control was higher in PUP than in PIP (81% vs. 26%, p = 0.01) and in the extremity locations compared with trunk locations (68% vs. 28%, p = 0.001). Five-year overall survival was superior in unifocal vs. multifocal presentations (70% vs. 36%, p = 0.03) and for tumor sizes <4 vs. >= 4 cm (74% vs. 50%, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prior irradiation is the main determinant of locoregional control in patients with isolated local recurrence of STS. The locoregional control rates in PUP were similar to those described in primary STS. In PIP, SWR + IOERT/PHDRB reirradiation yielded modest locoregional control rates and was associated with significant morbidity, especially in PHDRB cases. (C) 2015 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2015
Vol.:
14
N°:
4
Págs.:
565 - 570
To determine whether the time to loading (TTL) affects locoregional control.
METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Locoregional control status was determined in 301 patients enrolled in several perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) prospective studies conducted at the University of Navarre. The impact of the time elapsed from catheter implantation to the first PHDRB treatment (TTL) was analyzed. Patients treated with PHDRB alone (n = 113), mainly because of prior irradiation, received 32 Gy in eight twice-a-day treatments or 40 Gy in 10 twice-a-day treatments for negative or close/positive margins, respectively. Patients treated with PHDRB + external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) (n = 188) received 16 Gy in four twice-a-day treatments or 24 Gy in six twice-a-day treatments for negative or close/positive margins followed by 45 Gy of EBRT in 25 treatments.
RESULTS:
After a median followup of 6.5 years (range, 2-13.6+), 113 patients have failed (37.5%), 65 in the PHDRB-alone group (57.5%) and 48 in the combined PHDRB + EBRT group (25.5%). Patients who started PHDRB before Postoperative Day 5 had a 10-year locoregional control rate of 66.7% and patients who started PHDRB on Postoperative Day 5 or longer had a 10-year locoregional control rate of 51.8% (p = 0.009). Subgroup analysis detected that this difference was only observed in the recurrent cases treated with PHDRB alone (Subset 2; n = 99; p = 0.004). No correlation could be detected between locoregional control rate and TTL in the other patient subsets although a trend toward a decreased locoregional control rate after a longer TTL was observed when they were grouped together (p = 0.089).
CONCLUSIONS:
Patients should start PHDRB as soon as possible to maximize locoregional control especially in those recurrent cases treated with PHDRB alone. The time effect in other disease scenarios is less clear.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2014
Vol.:
13
N°:
4
Págs.:
400 - 404
PURPOSE:
To develop a simple clinical model predictive of locoregional failure after complete surgical resection followed by perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) and external beam irradiation (EBRT).
PATIENT AND METHODS:
Patients (n=166) enrolled in several PHDRB prospective studies conducted at the University of Navarre were analyzed. PHDRB was given to total doses of 16 Gy/4 b.i.d. or 24 Gy/6 b.i.d. treatments for negative or close/positive margins along with 45Gy of EBRT.
RESULTS:
After a median followup of 7.4 years (range, 3-12+), 50 patients have failed and 116 remain controlled at last followup. Tumor size, with a cutoff point set at 3cm (p=0.041) and margin status (positive and <1mm vs. negative ¿1mm, p=0.0001) were independent predictors of locoregional control. These two parameters were used to develop a four-tiered, hierarchical scoring system that stratified patients into low-risk (negative ¿1mm margins and size ¿3cm), intermediate-risk (negative ¿1mm margins, and size >3cm), high-risk (positive and <1mm margins and size ¿3cm), and very high-risk categories (positive and <1mm margins and size >3cm). This classification yields 5-year locoregional control rates of 92.3%, 78.0%, 65.5%, and 48.0% for low-, intermediate-, high-, and very high-risk categories, respectively. The predictive ability of the model is highly significant (p=0.0001) with an area under the curve of 0.72 (0.64-0.81).
CONCLUSIONS:
The risk of locoregional failure after combined surgical resection, PHDRB, and EBRT is mainly determined by the number of residual clonogens, which is inversely proportional to the status of the surgical margins and directly related to the size of the resected tumor. These two parameters generate a four-tiered predictive model that seems to be valid for a number of different common tumors and clinical settings.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2014
Vol.:
90
N°:
1
Págs.:
172 - 180
Purpose: To perform a joint analysis of data from 3 contributing centers within the intraoperative electron-beam radiation therapy (IOERT)-Spanish program, to determine the potential of IOERT as an anticipated boost before external beam radiation therapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of pediatric extremity soft-tissue sarcomas. Methods and Materials: From June 1993 to May 2013, 62 patients (aged <21 years) with a histologic diagnosis of primary extremity soft-tissue sarcoma with absence of distant metastases, undergoing limb-sparing grossly resected surgery, external beam radiation therapy (median dose 40 Gy) and IOERT (median dose 10 Gy) were considered eligible for this analysis. Results: After a median follow-up of 66 months (range, 4-235 months), 10-year local control, disease-free survival, and overall survival was 85%, 76%, and 81%, respectively. In multivariate analysis after adjustment for other covariates, tumor size >5 cm (P = .04) and R1 margin status (P = .04) remained significantly associated with local relapse. In regard to overall survival only margin status (P = .04) retained association on multivariate analysis. Ten patients (16%) reported severe chronic toxicity events (all grade 3). Conclusions: An anticipated IOERT boost allowed for external beam radiation therapy dose reduction, with high local control and acceptably low toxicity rates. The combined radiosurgical approach needs to be tested in a prospective trial to confirm these results. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc.
Revista:
ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY
ISSN:
0148-7043
Año:
2014
Vol.:
73
N°:
2
Págs.:
205-209
This study aimed to analyze the differences in quality of life (QOL) in head and neck stage IV squamous cell cancer patients treated with surgery and reconstruction versus radical radiotherapy.The QOL was analyzed in 2 groups of patients. All patients had the same demographic and oncologic features but were treated differently. Group 1 (n = 16) was compound with patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy, whereas group 2 (n = 14) was formed with those who received radical radiotherapy. The University of Washington questionnaire was used for this purpose.A total of 30 questionnaires were received. The total score of the questionnaires ranged from 485 to 1120. The mean values were 837.8 for group 1 and 827.85 for group 2, with no statistical significance. Significant differences were found in several domains. By using a validated questionnaire, it is possible to estimate the impact in QOL of these patients.
Revista:
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
ISSN:
1699-3055
Año:
2014
Vol.:
16
N°:
9
Págs.:
834 - 842
A joint analysis of data from centers within the intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT)-Spanish cooperative initiative was performed to investigate the main contributions of IORT to the multidisciplinary treatment of trunk-wall soft-tissue sarcoma (TW-STS). Patients with a histologic diagnosis of TW-STS (primary tumor 53 %; locally recurrent 47 %) with absence of distant metastases, undergoing surgery with radical intent and IORT (median dose 12.5 Gy) were considered eligible for participation in this study. In addition, all primary tumors received external-beam radiotherapy (median dose 50 Gy). From 1986 to 2012, a total of 68 patients were analyzed in the study from three Spanish institutions. With a median follow-up time of 53 months (range 4-316), 5-year local control (LC) was 58 %. Five-year IORT in-field control, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival were 70, 45 and 51 %, respectively. On multivariate analysis, only microscopically involved margin (R1) resection status retained significance in relation to LC (HR 3.97, p < 0.001). In regard to IORT in field control, incomplete resection (HR 3.23, p = 0.008) and recurrent disease status (HR 2.52, p = 0.04) retained a significant association in multivariate analysis. From this joint analysis emerges the fact that margin and disease status influences local and central control, but DFS remains modest, given the high risk of distant metastases. Intensified local treatment needs to be tested in the context of more effic
Revista:
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
ISSN:
0179-7158
Año:
2014
Vol.:
190
N°:
10
Págs.:
891 - 898
Background or purpose. A joint analysis of data from three contributing centres within the intraoperative electron-beam radiation therapy (IOERT) Spanish program was performed to investigate the main contributions of IORT to the multidisciplinary treatment of high-risk extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods and materials. Patients with an histologic diagnosis of primary extremity STS, with absence of distant metastases, undergoing limb-sparing surgery with radical intent, external beam radiotherapy (median dose 45 Gy) and IOERT (median dose 12.5 Gy) were considered eligible for participation in this study. Results. From 1986-2012, a total of 159 patients were analysed in the study from three Spanish institutions. With a median follow-up time of 53 months (range 4-316 years), 5-year local control (LC) was 82 %. The 5-year IOERT in-field control, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 86, 62 and 72 %, respectively. On multivariate analysis, only microscopically involved margin (R1) resection status retained significance in relation to LC (HR 5.20, p < 0.001). With regard to IOERT in-field control, incomplete resection (HR 4.88, p = 0.001) and higher IOERT dose (>= 12.5 Gy; HR 0.32, p = 0.02) retained a significant association in multivariate analysis. Conclusion. From this joint analysis emerges the fact that an IOERT dose >= 12.5 Gy increases the rate of IOERT in-field control, but DFS remains modest, given the high risk of distant metastases. Intensified local treatment needs to be tested in the context of more efficient concurrent, neo- and adjuvant systemic therapy.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1873-1449
Año:
2014
Vol.:
13
N°:
3
Págs.:
219 - 224
PURPOSE: To report the disease-free Grade complication-free survival of a Phase II protocol of reirradiation with high-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy (ITB) in previously irradiated gynecologic cancer.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifteen patients with previously irradiated cervical (n = 6), endometrial (n = 6), and vulvovaginal tumors (n = 3) were treated with HDR-ITB alone to a median dose of 38 Gy in 8 b.i.d. fractions over 4 consecutive days. Prior treatments included surgery (n = 12; 80%), external irradiation (n = 15; 100%), and brachytherapy (n = 9; 60%). Average clinical target volume Size was 60.9 cc (range, 14.8-165.3 cc), and median time to reirradiation was 3.9 years (range, 0.4-22.7 years).
RESULTS: With a median followup of 2.8 years (range, 1.2-9.2 years), 3 patients (20.0%) developed Grade toxicity consisting of Grade 3 intestinal obstruction (n = 1), Grade 4 rectovesical fistula (n = 1), and Grade 5 intestinal obstruction (n = 1). Six patients remain alive and without evidence of disease at last followup. Two patients are alive with disease progression, and 7 patients have died, 4 of them from disease progression and 3 from other causes. The 2-year disease-free. Grade complication-free survival was 40%.
CONCLUSIONS: HDR-ITB alone is a reasonable salvage treatment option in a significant number of patients with previously irradiated gynecologic tumors. (C) 2014 American Brachytherapy Society.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2014
Vol.:
88
N°:
1
Págs.:
143 - 150
Background: A joint analysis of data from centers involved in the Spanish Cooperative Initiative for Intraoperative Electron Radiotherapy was performed to investigate long-term outcomes of locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma (LR-STS) patients treated with a multidisciplinary approach. Methods and Materials: Patients with a histologic diagnosis of LR-STS (extremity, 43%; trunk wall, 24%; retroperitoneum, 33%) and no distant metastases who underwent radical surgery and intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT; median dose, 12.5 Gy) were considered eligible for participation in this study. In addition, 62% received external beam radiation therapy (EBRT; median dose, 50 Gy). Results: From 1986 to 2012, a total of 103 patients from 3 Spanish expert IOERT institutions were analyzed. With a median follow-up of 57 months (range, 2-311 months), 5-year local control (LC) was 60%. The 5-year IORT in-field control, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival were 73%, 43%, and 52%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, no EBRT to treat the LR-STS (P = .02) and microscopically involved margin resection status (P = .04) retained significance in relation to LC. With regard to IORT in-field control, only not delivering EBRT to the LR-STS retained significance in the multivariate analysis (P = .03). Conclusion: This joint analysis revealed that surgical margin and EBRT affect LC but that, given the high risk of distant metastases, DFS remains modest. Intensified local treatment needs to be further tested in the context of more efficient concurrent, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant systemic therapy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc.
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2014
Vol.:
13
N°:
6
Págs.:
591 - 596
PURPOSE:
To determine whether perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) implants with larger high-dose regions produce increased locoregional control.
METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Patients (n=166) enrolled in several PHDRB prospective studies conducted at the University of Navarre were analyzed. The PHDRB was given to total doses of 16Gy/4 b.i.d. or 24Gy/6 b.i.d. treatments for negative or close/positive margins along with 45Gy/25 Rx of external beam radiation therapy. The histogram-based generalized equivalent uniform dose (EUD) formulism was used to quantify and standardize the dose-volume histogram into 2-Gy equivalents. The region of interest analyzed included: tissue volume encompassed by the prescription isodose of 4Gy (TV100). Routine dose reporting parameters such as physical dose and single-point 2-Gy equivalent dose were used for reference.
RESULTS:
After a median followup of 7.4 years (range, 3-12+), 50 patients have failed, and 116 remain controlled at last followup. Overall, EUD was not different in the patients who failed compared with controls (89.1Gy vs. 86.5Gy; p=not significant). When patients were stratified by risk using the University of Navarre Predictive Model, very high-risk patients (i.e., tumors ¿3cm resected with close <1mm/positive margins) had an improved locoregional control with higher EUD values (p=0.028). This effect was not observed in low-, intermediate-, and high-risk University of Navarre Predictive Model categories.
CONCLUSIONS:
In very high-risk patients, enlarged high-dose regions can produce a dose-response effect. Routine dose reporting methods such as physical dose and single-point 2-Gy equivalent dose may not show this effect, but it can be revealed by histogram-based EUD assessment.
Revista:
CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER
ISSN:
1938-0682
Año:
2013
Vol.:
11
N°:
2
Págs.:
168-174
Revista:
CIRUGIA ESPAÑOLA
ISSN:
0009-739X
Año:
2013
Vol.:
91
N°:
8
Págs.:
490 - 495
Introduction: Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) with multicatheters after lumpectomy for breast cancer (BC) may be an alternative to whole breast irradiation in selected patients. The aim is to show our 5 year experience. Method: Between June 2007 and June 2012, 87 BC patients have been evaluated for APBI. Inclusion criteria were: age over 40 years, unifocal tumour, infiltrating ductal or intraductal carcinoma, tumour size smaller than 3 cm and no lymph node involvement. Complications, cosmetic results and local and distant recurrences were evaluated. Results: Treatment was completed in 48 patients and contraindicated in 39. The average age of treated patients was 59 years. Operating time was 123. min with 9 implanted catheters in each patient. No complications were observed during surgery or radiotherapy. Patients were discharged from hospital after 4 days. Tumour size was 11. mm. Of these, 35 were infiltrating ductal and 13 intraductal carcinomas. A total of 44 patients received adjuvant treatment. Mean follow-up was 22 months with no evidence of local or distant recurrence. The cosmetic outcome was good or excellent in 66% of cases. Conclusions: APBI with multicatheter placed after lumpectomy for BC is feasible and safe but requires a strict selection of patients.
Revista:
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
ISSN:
1043-3074
Año:
2012
Vol.:
34
N°:
8
Págs.:
1081-1088
Background This study aimed to test the safety of using perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) in resected head and neck cancer. Methods From 2000 to 2008, 97 patients received PHDRB after complete macroscopic resection. Group 1 (previously irradiated patients) received 32 to 40 Gray (Gy) of PHDRB in 8 to 10 twice-daily (bid) treatments (R0R1 resections). Group 2 (unirradiated patients) received 16 to 24 Gy of PHDRB in 4 to 6 bid treatments (R0R1 resections) followed by external beam irradiation (EBRT) of 45 Gy/25 daily fractions +/- concomitant chemotherapy. Results The median follow-up was 4.3 years. The cumulative hazard of 2-year grade = 3 complications in group 1 was 45.9%, and the rate of grade = 3 complications in group 2 was 24.6%. Actuarial locoregional control at 2 and 5 years for group 1 was 60.9% and for group 2, 84.1% and 79.4%. Conclusions Complications and locoregional failure rates were similar to those reported in the reference standards despite a much smaller treatment volume. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2012
Vol.:
82
N°:
3
Págs.:
E469-E476
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2012
Vol.:
83
N°:
2
Págs.:
587-593
PURPOSE:
To validate tolerance and pathological complete response rate (pCR) of a 4-week preoperative course of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with concurrent capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Patients with T3 to T4 and/or N+ rectal cancer received preoperative IMRT (47.5 Gy in 19 fractions) with concurrent capecitabine (825 mg/m(2) b.i.d., Monday to Friday) and oxaliplatin (60 mg/m(2) on Days 1, 8, and 15). Surgery was scheduled 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of chemoradiation. Primary end points were toxicity and pathological response rate. Local control (LC), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were also analyzed.
RESULTS:
A total of 100 patients were evaluated. Grade 1 to 2 proctitis was observed in 73 patients (73%). Grade 3 diarrhea occurred in 9% of the patients. Grade 3 proctitis in 18% of the first 50 patients led to reduction of the dose per fraction to 47.5 Gy in 20 treatments. The rate of Grade 3 proctitis decreased to 4% thereafter (odds ratio, 0.27). A total of 99 patients underwent surgery. A pCR was observed in 13% of the patients, major response (96-100% of histological response) in 48%, and pN downstaging in 78%. An R0 resection was performed in 97% of the patients. After a median follow-up of 55 months, the LC, DFS, and OS rates were 100%, 84%, and 87%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative CAPOX-IMRT therapy (47.5 Gy in 20 fractions) is feasible
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1538-4721
Año:
2012
Vol.:
11
N°:
2
Págs.:
119-124
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
1879-355X
Año:
2011
Vol.:
81
N°:
4
Págs.:
E245-E254
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2011
Vol.:
81
N°:
4
Págs.:
e523 - e539
Purpose: The present study was undertaken to determine factors predictive of toxicity, patterns of failure, and survival in 60 adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and superficial trunk treated with combined perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy. Methods and Materials: The patients were treated with surgical resection and perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (16 or 24 Gy) for negative and close/microscopically positive resection margins, respectively. External beam radiotherapy (45 Gy) was added postoperatively to reach a 2-Gy equivalent dose of 62.9 and 72.3 Gy, respectively. Adjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide and doxorubicin was given to patients with advanced high-grade tumors. Results: Grade 3 toxic events were observed in 18 patients (30%) and Grade 4 events in 6 patients (10%). No Grade 5 events were observed. A location in the lower limb was significant for Grade 3 or greater toxic events on multivariate analysis (p =.013), and the tissue volume encompassed by the 150% isodose line showed a trend toward statistical significance (p =.086). The local control, locoregional control, and distant control rate at 9 years was 77.4%, 69.5%, and 63.8%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, microscopically involved margins correlated with local control (p =.036) and locoregional control (p =.007) and tumor size correlated with distant metastases (p =.004). The 9-year disease-free survival and overall survival rate was 47.0% and 61.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed poorer disease-free survival rates for patients with tumors >6 cm (p =.005) and microscopically involved margins (p =.043), and overall survival rates decreased with increasing tumor size (p =.011). Conclusions: Grade 3 or greater wound complications can probably be decreased using meticulous treatment planning to decrease the tissue volume encompassed by the 150% isodose line, especially in lower limb locations. Microscopically involved margins remain a predictor of local and locoregional failure, despite radiation doses >70 Gy. Patients with tumors ¿6 cm and microscopically involved margins are at high risk of treatment failure and death from the development of distant metastases.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
0360-3016
Año:
2011
Vol.:
79
N°:
4
Págs.:
1158 - 1163
Purpose
To determine patient, tumor, and treatment factors predictive of local control (LC) in a series of patients treated with either perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (PHDRB) alone (Group 1) or with PHDRB combined with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (Group 2).
Patient and Methods
Patients (n = 312) enrolled in several PHDRB prospective Phase I¿II studies conducted at the Clínica Universidad de Navarra were analyzed. Treatment with PHDRB alone, mainly because of prior irradiation, was used in 126 patients to total doses of 32 Gy/8 b.i.d. or 40 Gy/10 b.i.d. treatments after R0 or R1 resections. Treatment with PHDRB plus EBRT was used in 186 patients to total doses of 16 Gy/4 b.i.d. or 24 Gy/6 b.i.d. treatments after R0 or R1 resections along with 45 Gy of EBRT with or without concomitant chemotherapy.
Results
No dose-margin interaction was observed in Group 1 patients. In Group 2 patients there was a significant interaction between margin status and 2-Gy equivalent (Eq2Gy) dose (p = 0.002): (1) patients with negative margins had 9-year LC of 95.7% at Eq2Gy = 62.9Gy; (2) patients with close margins of >1 mm had 9-year LC of 92.4% at Eq2Gy = 72.2Gy, and (3) patients with positive/close <1-mm margins had 9-year LC of 68.0% at Eq2Gy = 72.2Gy.
Conclusions
Two-gray equivalent doses ¿70 Gy may compensate the effect of close margins ¿1 mm but do not counterbalance the detrimental effect of unfavorable (positive/close <1 mm) resection margins. No dose¿margin interaction is observed in patients treated at lower Eq2Gy doses ¿50 Gy with PHDRB alone.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
ISSN:
1048-891X
Año:
2010
Vol.:
20
N°:
1
Págs.:
133 - 140
Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the tolerability of a 7-week schedule of external beam radiation therapy, high-dose-rate brachytherapy, and weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages IB2 to IVa cervical cancer were treated with 40 mg/m2 per week of intravenous (i.v.) cisplatin and 50 mg/m2 per week of i.v. paclitaxel combined with 45 Gy of pelvic external beam radiation therapy and 30 Gy of high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Results: Eleven patients (37.9%) were able to complete the 6 scheduled cycles of chemotherapy. The median number of weekly chemotherapy cycles administered was 5 (range, 2-7). Thirty-five (20.1%) of 174 cycles of chemotherapy were not given because of toxicity. The median dose intensity of cisplatin was 31 mg/m2 per week (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.2-36.8); that of paclitaxel was 44 mg/m2 per week (95% CI, 39.9-48.3). Twenty-two patients (78.6%) were able to complete the planned radiation course in less than 7 weeks. Median radiation treatment length was 45 days (95% CI, 43.4-46.6). After a median follow-up of 48 months, 7 patients (24.1%) experienced severe (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade 3 or higher) late toxicity. No fatal events were observed. Seven patients have failed, 1 locally and 6 at distant sites. The 8-year local/pelvic control rate was 95.7%, and the 8-year freedom from systemic failure rate was 76.1%. Eight-year actuarial disease-free survival and overall survival were 63.1% and 75.9%, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrated unacceptable toxicity of combining the stated doses of concurrent cisplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy with definitive radiotherapy for patients with advanced cervical cancer. Additional phase I/II trials are recommended to clearly establish the recommended phase II dose for these drugs.
Revista:
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS
ISSN:
1537-453X
Año:
2010
Vol.:
33
N°:
2
Págs.:
137-143
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
ISSN:
1879-355X
Año:
2010
Vol.:
76
N°:
2
Págs.:
386-392
Revista:
BRACHYTHERAPY
ISSN:
1873-1449
Año:
2010
Vol.:
9
N°:
1
Págs.:
8-14