Revistas
Revista:
REVISTA LATINA DE COMUNICACION SOCIAL
ISSN:
1138-5820
Año:
2023
N°:
81
Págs.:
17 - 33
Introducción: La desinformación se ha convertido en un problema clave para las sociedades democráticas contemporáneas. Para contrarrestar esta amenaza, las autoridades públicas de numerosos países han puesto en marcha diversas iniciativas legales, tecnológicas y educativas. Este artículo aporta una revisión bibliográfica y de textos legales, que evidencia la importancia creciente otorgada por la Unión Europea a la alfabetización mediática. Metodología: Mediante revisión documental, se examinan informes y textos legales europeos y de países de la UE, con el fin de evaluar el grado de relevancia que se asigna a la alfabetización mediática para luchar contra la desinformación. Resultados: El análisis comprueba una presencia recurrente de la alfabetización mediática como una de las medidas necesarias para combatir la desinformación en el territorio europeo. Discusión y conclusiones: Más allá de simples soluciones tecnológicas y legales para combatir la desinformación, se comprueba que la Unión Europea apuesta por co-responsabilizar a la ciudadanía, mediante políticas de promoción de la alfabetización mediática. Se consolida, en definitiva, un modelo de lucha contra la desinformación basado en un conjunto de soluciones multinivel.
Revista:
DOXA COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1696-019X
Año:
2023
N°:
36
Págs.:
401 - 413
En un contexto donde el marketing de influencia crece, es relevante cuestionarse por el rol que juegan los influencers en las decisiones de consumo de los menores. La especial cercanía que estos creadores de contenido son capaces de generar con sus seguidores, puede establecer un marco de credibilidad que se extienda también a sus publicaciones con fines comerciales. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa y mediante la realización de 12 grupos focales se planteó ahondar en la relación entre influencers y menores en España con el fin de conocer la percepción y el imaginario de los adolescentes sobre su relación con los influencers y las implicaciones comerciales que dicha relación supone. Los hallazgos del estudio desvelan que el vínculo desarrollado entre el menor y el influencer incide directamente en el nivel de credibilidad otorgado a las publicaciones comerciales, algo que depende directamente del tipo de influencer; los menores no rechazan las colaboraciones comerciales del influencer siempre y cuando el contenido resultante sea útil o entretenido y guarde una conexión con la profesión o el estilo de vida del creador de contenido que lo promocione. Por otra parte, los más pequeños, a diferencia de los adolescentes, demandan una interacción con sus referentes.
Revista:
PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION
ISSN:
1699-2407
Año:
2023
Vol.:
32
N°:
2
Págs.:
e320205
The funding model crisis for newspapers is a matter of public concern; and it is not only a business issue, but also a social and political one, as news organisations are considered to have an irreplaceable function in democratic systems. Technological and social changes have transformed the business model of news organisations so that, in a digital scenario with a strong competition for consumers¿ attention, they have had to diversify their portfolio of income streams. In such a context, this study analyses the state of the diversification of revenue streams in the Spanish digital media market, using the available data from the total universe of digital media in the country. The article focusses on the two most common revenue streams related to user payment -subscriptions and memberships- and analyses the importance of four variables in this diversification of revenue strategies: their nature (digital native versus traditional), thematic scope (general versus specialised), territorial scope (local versus national), and the type of organisation that promotes it (traditional, new, or independent groups). The data obtained suggest that there are no universal formulae in the implementation of payment models for Spanish digital media. Specifically, there are significant differences in the revenue models between native and non-native digital media. Thus, payment strategies are more prevalent among non-native digital media than among native media. Furthermore, the non-native media that have opted for paid models tend to diversify their sources of income more than the non-native ones based on free model. Additionally, data show that paywalls and memberships are more usual among specialised non-native digital media and generalist native outlets. Also, payments are more often required by local and regional media than national outlets. From the ownership point of view, although the main Spanish media corporations are developing their revenue models, the pay-per-content model is also quite extended among organisations, associations, and foundations not linked with the traditional publishing groups. This study, due to its exhaustiveness, dimensions, and novelty, identifies in detail the current state of the implementation of the pay model for digital media in Spain, which can help and facilitate media managers in their decision-making.
Revista:
REVISTA DE COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1684-0933
Año:
2022
Vol.:
21
N°:
2
Págs.:
307 - 319
Los menores están expuestos a diversos contenidos en su navegación por internet y el presente estudio explora específicamente aquellos creados por influencers en formatos híbridos que mezclan diversos fines, incluidos los comerciales, y que además representan un reto mayor para ser identificados correctamente. Desde la óptica de la alfabetización publicitaria tal y como la articulan Roozendal et al. (2011), la investigación tiene como objetivo identificar qué elementos de las dimensiones conceptuales y actitudinales de esta alfabetización están presentes en el procesamiento que los menores hacen del contenido generado por influencers. Para ello se realizaron 12 grupos de discusión en los que participaron 62 menores de entre 11 y 17 años, de colegio privados, concertados y públicos en España, durante el primer semestre de 2021. Los resultados expresan que en general los menores identifican un vínculo comercial entre marcas e influencers, sin embargo, y especialmente los más pequeños, no son capaces de identificar cuando se les presenta un contenido pagado si este no está señalizado como tal. Los adolescentes, por su parte, asumieron una actitud crítica ante el marketing de influencia a partir de la coherencia y afinidad del producto promocionado y el influencer, así como la trayectoria o profesión del creador de contenido.
Revista:
REVISTA MEDITERRANEA DE COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1989-872X
Año:
2022
Vol.:
13
N°:
1
Págs.:
79 - 91
Entretenerse es una de las prioridades que los menores buscan satisfacer en internet, también a través de sus teléfonos móviles. A esta necesidad que tradicionalmente han cubierto otros medios, responde el entorno digital con nuevas fórmulas que combinan entretenimiento con otros intereses, como los comerciales. Esta publicidad híbrida parece encontrar un buen acomodo entre los juegos online y los contenidos generados por influencers, destinos preferidos por los menores hoy en sus pautas de navegación. A través de una metodología cualitativa, con entrevistas a 20 menores del Área Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile, se busca comprobar en qué medida las preguntas planteadas por la investigación previa sobre este tema se validan. Entre los resultados destaca que, efectivamente, las comunicaciones de marca están presentes de manera clara en las experiencias de entretenimiento online de los más pequeños, que se muestran particularmente receptivos cuando aportan un valor añadido y sienten que las controlan. La familiaridad generada por los influencers con su audiencia también hace que los menores vean las comunicaciones comerciales de manera relajada. Esto plantea preguntas relevantes sobre si la alfabetización publicitaria de este grupo de edad está a la altura de los retos que plantea este escenario.
Revista:
REVISTA LATINA DE COMUNICACION SOCIAL
ISSN:
1138-5820
Año:
2022
N°:
80
Págs.:
21 - 38
Introducción: La progresiva transformación de los medios a causa de la digitalización, las nuevas características del entorno comunicativo y las correspondientes prácticas de los usuarios ponen de manifiesto nuevas necesidades y demandas educativas. Una redefinición del contexto y los discursos científicos del concepto de competencia mediática parece necesaria. Metodología: a través de un análisis reflexivo de conceptos y modelos, se presenta una conceptualización de la competencia mediática como una competencia extendida a las competencias personales, sociales, culturales y cívicas. Resultados: como resultado de este trabajo se produce un reajuste de las posiciones conceptuales que requiere el desarrollo de la competencia mediática en un contexto digital convergente: el paradigma participativo, la hiperconectividad y la proliferación de la desinformación. Este enfoque requiere la extensión de las capacidades y habilidades de acceso, evaluación, análisis, creación y comunicación de noticias y medios; las habilidades combinan formas previas de alfabetización con otras propias del entorno digital (Livingstone, 2004; Pérez Tornero, Celot, Varis, 2007; Hobbs, 2008). Discusión: el enfoque presentado se asocia a una demanda y unas necesidades educativas más amplias que aseguren el desarrollo de la personalidad desde una visión holística que ponga en conexión las necesidades de una sociedad donde la presencia de los medios es creciente. Conclusiones: Los cambios en el tema de ¿Aprendizaje sobre los medios¿ son reconsiderados al final del texto.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN:
1660-4601
Año:
2022
Vol.:
19
N°:
1
Págs.:
358
The smartphone revolution has placed powerful, multipurpose devices in the hands of youth across the globe, prompting worries about the potential negative consequences of these technologies on mental health. Many assessment tools have been created, seeking to classify individuals into problematic and non-problematic smartphone users. These are identified using a cutoff value: a threshold, within the scale range, at which higher scores are expected to be associated with negative outcomes. Lacking a clinical assessment of individuals, the establishment of this threshold is challenging. We illustrate this difficulty by calculating cutoff values for the Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) in 13 Spanish-speaking samples in 11 countries, using common procedures (i.e., reliability, validity, ROC methodology). After showing that results can be very heterogeneous (i.e., they lead to diverse cutoff points and rates of addiction) depending on the decisions made by the researchers, we call for caution in the use of these classifications, particularly when researchers lack a clinical definition of true addiction-as is the case with most available scales in the field of behavioral addictions-which can cause an unnecessary public health alert.
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
The Information and Knowledge Society demands the development of skills for the critical and responsible consumption and use of technology for leisure, personal, professional, academic development, and citizen participation. The international frameworks of "21st Century Competences" underline the importance of digital competence as the axis to enhance the rest of competences. This key competence goes beyond the operational use of technological tools and applications and has been studied from different approaches. This research explores digital literacy in eight international frameworks from different institutions and initiatives: UNESCO, European Union, OECD, ATCS, P21, NETS, NAEP, and Engauge, from which a content analysis is performed, and where the areas of scope of the competencies and the relationships between the different proposals are explored. The findings contribute to the understanding of an integrated approach to digital literacy, where six dimensions are identified: critical, cognitive, operational, social, emotional, and projective. Three dimensional profiles are also identified that point towards the critical use of technology, the appropriation of technology in daily life and social innovation, which invites a rethink towards digital literacy from a multi and interdimensional vision.
Revista:
MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION
ISSN:
2183-2439
Año:
2022
Vol.:
10
N°:
1
Págs.:
124 - 135
Influencers have established themselves as key allies for brands by cultivating a powerful public image to promote them. In the case of Instamoms, these collaborations can offer moms a means of achieving economic stability. In a country like Mexico, where the gender gap in the labor market remains a contentious issue, digital work represents an opportunity for women. The similarity between the organic content and commercial content created by these profiles has strengthened the presence of hybrid advertising. This means of advertising has not spelled the end for the original content, and audiences may struggle to spot ads if sponsorship is not disclosed properly. It is important for consumers to be able to identify ads so their persuasion knowledge can be activated. This article examines the commercial messages and types of disclosure used by Mexican Instamoms to inform their followers of the commercial nature of their collaborations. The types of disclosure are analyzed based on language, location, and type of text. After a content analysis of 10,135 stories and more than 330 posts, 40% and 47% of the sample, respectively, was identified as advertising content. The analysis revealed that less than 5% of the Instamoms sponsored content was tagged as such and that sponsorship disclosure does not form part of the usual protocol for influencer-brand collaborations in a country where no legislation is yet in place and the sector is making little effort to control these practices.
Revista:
ICONO 14
ISSN:
1697-8293
Aunque se ha presumido tradicionalmente una actitud de oposición al mundo adulto y establecido por parte de los y las más jóvenes, algunas condiciones sociales actuales, además de la propia tecnología digital, lo hacen ahora más presente. El activismo en redes sociales se ha convertido en un cauce frecuente para que este grupo de edad presente sus demandas y descontento, y merece la pena reflexionar sobre las características que rodean a esta generación y también las particularidades del uso que hacen de la propia tecnología. Entre las primeras destaca el alargamiento de la dependencia del mundo adulto, que implica un potencial retraso en los procesos de madurez. Esto lleva consigo un descontento vital que encuentra en las redes un escenario perfecto para ser manifestado y para pelear contra lo establecido. Respecto a la tecnología, es evidente que esta satisface necesidades de la juventud a muchos niveles, lo que la convierte en casi esencial para su día a día en las sociedades más desarrolladas. Estas reflexiones plantean preguntas para ser afrontadas en el marco del estudio de la juventud y el activismo digital y que tienen que ver con el grado de desarrollo de su competencia digital, con su capacidad de luchar contra la desinformación que asola a las democracias, y también con el fondo más humano que plantea el uso multidimensional que hacen de la tecnología. Los y las jóvenes ocupan y viven en los espacios digitales, y esto implica afrontar de manera radical esta realidad, también desde la investigación.
Revista:
INDEX COMUNICACIÓN
ISSN:
2174-1859
Año:
2022
Vol.:
12
N°:
2
Págs.:
227 - 250
La preferencia de los menores por el teléfono móvil como vía de acceso a internet se constata a nivel global. Su consumo de contenidos está ín-timamente asociado a la presencia de intereses comerciales que ven en este grupo de edad un segmento de mucho interés presente y futuro. Las posibilida-des de segmentación que ofrece la tecnología, sumadas a las que añade el ca-rácter personal del dispositivo, abren muchas consideraciones estratégicas, pero también éticas sobre la personalización de los contenidos con base en per-files y pautas de comportamiento online. A través del análisis de contenido de 2410 anuncios, que menores de entre 10 y 14 años del Área Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile recibieron en sus teléfonos móviles, se busca averiguar si las variables sociodemográficas inciden en el tipo de publicidad que consumen. Se añade también la variable posesión del móvil como elemento de estudio. Los resultados apuntan a diferencias significativas de la publicidad a la que son ex-puestos en función de todas las variables, lo que plantea consideraciones éticas de gran calado.
Autores:
Paz, C.; Hermosa-Bosano, C.; Hidalgo-Andrade, P. (Autor de correspondencia); et al.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN:
1661-8556
Año:
2022
Vol.:
67
Págs.:
1604418
Objective: Several studies have investigated the negative toll the pandemic has had on people's mental health. However, there is limited research on the pandemic's effect on positive mental health variables. This article reports on the levels of self-esteem and well-being (flourishing and happiness) in a sample of adults living in Ecuador and their relationships with the characteristics of their personal situation and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic had on their personal lives.Methods: A total of 766 adults completed an anonymous online survey between March and August 2020.Results: Participants reported average scores in the flourishing scale, the majority considered themselves to be happy or very happy people, and more than half presented high levels of self-esteem. Age, education, socioeconomic status, time spent using mobile phones and on hobbies, among others, explained self-esteem, happiness, and flourishing.Conclusion: The relationships between sociodemographic and situational variables of confinement during the pandemic are discussed, as well as the possible predictors of happiness, flourishing, and self-esteem.
Autores:
Hidalgo-Andrade, P.; Paz, C.; Hermosa-Bosano, C. (Autor de correspondencia); et al.
Revista:
ALOMA. REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA I CIÈNCIES DE L EDUCACIO
ISSN:
1138-3194
Año:
2022
Vol.:
40
N°:
2
Págs.:
9 - 20
To prevent the spread of COVID-19, countries like Ecuador adopted mandatory lockdown measures, teleworking and remote education. During these periods, people resorted to the use of their mobile phones as well as other technological devices to get information, socialize and work. This study sought to identify the effects that the use of these devices, especially cellphones, had on people's levels of anxiety, depression and stress. We re-cruited a sample of 766 participants who responded to an online survey conducted during the first phase of the pandemic. The results suggest that people spent approximately 9.75 hours a day connected to technological de-vices, including their cellphones. We also found that the participants' level of psychological distress increases as the overall time and time spent on social networks increases. In addition, the problematic use of mobile phones, meaning the use of the cellphone to distract oneself from something uncomfortable or to express or seek affection predicted increases in participants' level of distress. In contrast, making purchases online and perceiving higher levels of control over their mobile phone use was associated with a decrease in psychological distress. The implica-tions of these findings are discussed in the light of the current state of the pandemic, the discovery of new variants of the coronavirus, and the existence of mandatory quarantines for those diagnosed with the virus.
Revista:
COMMUNICATION & SOCIETY
ISSN:
2386-7876
Año:
2022
Vol.:
35
N°:
3
Págs.:
15 - 31
Social ads, along with apps, display and geolocation are the most used actions in the context of mobile marketing. Adolescents are also identified as the main target audience for mobile marketing because they are very active users, they have a sound command of technology and their role as prescribers, especially in social networks. For this reason, the interaction between advertising on social networks among minors (10-14 years) was studied, differentiating between those standard format ads and those commercial content published by influencers. To this avail, more than 2,400 ads were analyzed after monitoring for a week the commonly used device of a sample of minors from the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile. Standard formats, despite being the most used, they hardly generated interaction, unlike commercial content by influencers, which achieved a higher level of interaction (visual and click interaction), although they were less employed. These results open the door to question the advertising management of a digital space which was created for dialogue such as social networks, in which advertisers prioritize selling products and services.
Revista:
ESPEJO DE MONOGRAFÍAS DE COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL
ISSN:
2660-4213
Año:
2021
N°:
3
Págs.:
109 - 139
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
Págs.:
10.3390/
This paper aims to investigate Google¿s role in European media sustainability. In order to understand the implication of this digital intermediary in the news industry, we have analysed all of the projects funded through Google¿s DNI Fund from 2016 to 2020. After revising each report, we have classified the data available, including the full amount of money awarded, chronologically marking every new country added to the fund and all the media outlets involved in each project. We argue that Google¿s role is truly beneficial for the medium and long-term sustainability of European media because it offers both financial support and a successful path for media companies to truly embrace its digital technology potential. However, it also has some added weight in terms of transparency (a key element in sustainability practice and standards) and press independence. Besides the existing correlations between the awarded countries and the changes that have affected media legislation in Europe, our findings show an alarming scarcity of information regarding both the continuity and the conditions of each funded project. Our proposed agenda for future research consists of an in-depth investigation of each beneficiary, which will entail several interviews as well as different case studies of all the participants in Europe
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
1937-0695
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
N°:
20
This paper aims to investigate Google's role in European media sustainability. In order to understand the implication of this digital intermediary in the news industry, we have analysed all of the projects funded through Google's DNI Fund from 2016 to 2020. After revising each report, we have classified the data available, including the full amount of money awarded, chronologically marking every new country added to the fund and all the media outlets involved in each project. We argue that Google's role is truly beneficial for the medium and long-term sustainability of European media because it offers both financial support and a successful path for media companies to truly embrace its digital technology potential. However, it also has some added weight in terms of transparency (a key element in sustainability practice and standards) and press independence. Besides the existing correlations between the awarded countries and the changes that have affected media legislation in Europe, our findings show an alarming scarcity of information regarding both the continuity and the conditions of each funded project. Our proposed agenda for future research consists of an in-depth investigation of each beneficiary, which will entail several interviews as well as different case studies of all the participants in Europe.</p>
Revista:
PRISMA SOCIAL
ISSN:
1989-3469
Año:
2021
N°:
34
Págs.:
146 - 164
This study analyzes the presence of entertainment in the daily usage of mobile phones among Chilean children ages 10 to 14. Special attention is paid to children consumption of YouTube and video games and to the perception their parents have regarding the use of mobiles by their children. Use patterns of minors and how this mismatch parental perception was revealed from the analysis of personal surveys (N children = 501; N adults= 501). The major conclusion is that mobile phones are no longer screens with which to communicate and exchange messages, a stand still held by parents. Screens are a passage through which children aim for freeof-charge audiovisual entertainment (mainly games and videos) and in doing so, expose themselves to the advertising this entails. Music content is prioritized on YouTube, especially among girls and the older children within the age range studied, and this study corroborates the notion of gender differentiation in video games choices.
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
N°:
20
Págs.:
1 - 17
Digital news publishers strive to balance revenue streams in their business models: as standard advertising declines, alternatives for sustaining digital journalism arise in the forms of sponsored content, user donations and payments¿one-off purchases, subscriptions or memberships, public or private grants, electronic commerce, events and consulting. An exhaustive study found 2874 active online news publications in Spain, and it observed the adoption of such models in early 2021. Advertising remains the most popular source of income for digital news operations (85.8%) and most sites rely on just one or two revenue streams (74.5%). We compare the cases in our census by their origin (digital-native or non-native), geography (local/regional or national/global) and topic scope (generalist or specialized). We find that traditional, national and specialized online media have a broader and more innovative revenue mix than digital-native, regional or local and general-interest news outlets. The comprehensiveness of this pioneering study sheds light for the first time on the risk that the lack of diversification and innovation in funding sources may imperil the financial sustainability of some online news operations in Spain, mostly those with a smaller scope and no backing from a traditional business, according to the results we present here.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF CHILDREN AND MEDIA
ISSN:
1748-2798
It is common to identify the ability to recognize advertising as a requirement for the development of a critical attitude towards commercial content. This paper reflects on the perception parents have of their children who, as active users of mobile devices, are recipients of advertising. We thought interesting to draw a comparison between parent and child responses to corroborate the level of consistency between adult perception and what children stated regarding their attitude towards the advertising to which they were exposed. In order to do so a survey was applied in dyads in 501 households in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile showing that parents and guardians tend to underestimate the trust that children place in the advertising appearing on the channels they watch most on their mobile devices. It is needed a ground a solid starting point to enable subsequent research on childcare, content supervision and parental and social mediation.
Revista:
COMUNICAR. REVISTA CIENTIFICA IBEROAMERICANA DE COMUNICACION Y EDUCACION
ISSN:
1134-3478
Año:
2021
Vol.:
29
N°:
67
Págs.:
99 - 109
This article presents the results of research that seeks to analyze the ability of minors to identify the advertising messages received through the most used social networks by this audience (YouTube and Instagram). Children's aptitude to recognize persuasive intent was measured in a selection of examples taken for this study, as well as the perception that parents or guardians had about the minor's ability to recognize advertising on the platforms analyzed. Results were obtained from a survey applied to dyads in 501 homes in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile, to children aged 10 to 14 and to one of their parents or guardians. Main results include the notion that more than 50% of children were not able to detect advertising in examples containing ads. Lower recognition percentages were obtained in cases that combined persuasive content and entertainment and were not classified as advertising. For their part, adults perceived that their children recognize persuasive intent to a lesser extent than indicated by the children themselves. An explicit and clear signaling of advertising messages, as well as advertising literacy according to the age of minors could help them discern the content they consume on social networks.
Revista:
REVISTA LATINA DE COMUNICACION SOCIAL
ISSN:
1138-5820
Año:
2021
N°:
79
Págs.:
76 - 110
Ante una inminente era digital marcada por la globalización y la innovación tecnológica, diferentes organismos plantearon la importancia de innovar la educación con las denominadas competencias del siglo XXI. La necesidad de nuevas habilidades para participar de la cultura digital es destacada en diferentes propuestas, donde la competencia digital es clave y fundamental para vivir, trabajar y participar en la sociedad del conocimiento. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo generar una propuesta integrada de la alfabetización digital mediante un análisis comparado de la competencia digital en ocho marcos de competencias del siglo XXI (ATCS, enGauge, Naep, Nets, OCDE, P21, Unesco, Unión Europea), los cuales son estudiados en tres grandes bloques temáticos: a) definición, b) objetivos y visión y c) competencias y habilidades. Resultados: La alfabetización digital abarca un enfoque holístico, nutrido por diferentes alfabetizaciones, desde el cual se construye un meta-marco con nueve competencias (tres competencias directas; cinco competencias transversales) y 53 habilidades digitales cognitivas, críticas, técnicas, sociales, emocionales y proyectivas. Conclusiones: La alfabetización digital multidimensional consolida la perspectiva tecnosocial para el empoderamiento y apropiación tecnológica, que supera el uso operativo de las herramientas y promueve el uso amplio, significativo e innovador de la tecnología para la construcción de una sociedad equitativa.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
ISSN:
2500-106X
Año:
2021
Vol.:
6
N°:
2
Págs.:
289 - 298
Despite its relevance, the difficulty in reaching consensus on the definition of digital competence slows down its implementation. The need of prior development of specific skills to advance in digital development has been recently reported. The acquisition of skills involves making the most of the opportunities offered by the digital environment. This article shows the results from a research conducted on 501 parent-child dyads in Chile in which minors aged 10 to 14 reported their self-perceptions on who (parents, siblings and peers) taught them certain technical and operational digital skills on mobile devices. Parents were also surveyed to know their perception about this children¿s social mediation. Socio-demographic variables are also analysed. Chilean minors have a clear perception of autonomy in the acquisition of digital competence, parents underestimate their ability to influence, and other socialization agents such as siblings play a significant role. Age, gender and socioeconomic level to a lesser extent mark differences in the acquisition of these skills. In addition to providing a comparison on the perception parents and children have on the extent to which minors are accompanied while on their mobile phone, the article goes beyond parental mediation strategies and collects parental reflections on types of mediation.
Autores:
Hidalgo-Andrade, P.; Paz, C. (Autor de correspondencia); Hermosa-Bosano, C.; et al.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN:
1661-7827
Año:
2021
Vol.:
18
N°:
21
Págs.:
11104
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of millions of people worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the effects of several psychological factors (self-esteem, self-control, and emotional stability) over lifestyle-related variables (time spent on leisure activities) and the levels of satisfaction (family, friends, work, and leisure satisfaction) experienced during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data for this article were retrieved as part of a cross-sectional international study conducted in eleven Spanish-speaking countries between March and September 2020. The analyses were conducted using the responses of 9500 persons (65.95% women, 34.05% men). Structural equation modeling was used to test the direct and indirect effects of the psychological variables on satisfaction variables mediated by the time engaged in leisure activities. Our model indicated that psychological factors significantly predicted the amount of time spent in leisure activities and satisfaction. Overall, results indicate that self-esteem is a relevant psychological factor to consider in the development of psychological interventions directed at promoting healthy lifestyles. Nevertheless, further research is needed to validate the direction of the associations found in this study.
Autores:
Hermosa-Bosano, C.; Paz, C. (Autor de correspondencia); Hidalgo-Andrade, P.; et al.
Revista:
REVISTA ECUATORIANA DE NEUROLOGIA
ISSN:
1019-8113
Año:
2021
Vol.:
30
N°:
2
Págs.:
40 - 47
Objetivo: Describir el estado de la salud mental de los adultos ecuatorianos durante la pandemia por COVID-19 de marzo a agosto
de 2020. Para este fin, se analizaron los datos de un estudio más amplio que involucró varios países hispanohablantes. La investigación
tuvo un diseño no experimental, cuantitativo, transversal de tipo descriptivo donde se aplicó una encuesta anónima en línea.
Resultados: En total participaron 766 personas, 64.23% fueron mujeres y la edad media fue de 32.35 (DT = 12.54). Alrededor del 8% de los participantes declararon haber tenido diagnóstico de COVID-19 y un 12.9% haber experimentado síntomas
relacionados. La mayor parte de los participantes (77.4%) indicaron no haber tenido problemas de salud mental en el pasado y
el 87.6% no tener estos problemas durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, el 41% reconoció tener mayor malestar psicológico. Los
participantes presentaron niveles bajos de síntomas (depresión, ansiedad y estrés). Las mujeres y los adultos jóvenes fueron los
grupos más afectados por los síntomas evaluados.
Conclusiones: En situaciones de confinamiento y pandemia es necesaria la atención de la salud mental de la población
general y, en especial, la de las mujeres y los adultos jóvenes.
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
N°:
5
Págs.:
2822
This article presents the results of a study that sought to analyze the relationship between minors and brands on social media. The frequency with which minors search for or share information or subscribe to brand web pages was measured, as well as their following of influencers, who commonly refer to consumer goods. The main purpose of this article is to contribute to learning about the commercial environment that surrounds children in their routines on social media, particularly because of their growing influence in home purchasing decisions. The results, obtained from a survey applied in 501 homes in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile to minors between 10 and 14 years old, show that the respondents effectively interact with brands through social media. Although it is not a widespread practice among 10- to 12-year-olds, it is increasingly becoming present among 13- to 14-year-olds. Children seem most interested in sportswear, fashion, and technology brands, areas in which children have significant influence in family purchasing decision. Following influencers through social media is also a common activity among minors. In particular, the age groups here studied preferred to follow celebrities, particularly from the worlds of music, football, or YouTube, over specific brands.
Revista:
PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION
ISSN:
1386-6710
Año:
2020
Vol.:
29
N°:
6
Págs.:
1-14
This study adopted an exploratory approach to try to establish lines of investigation on the advertising density that children face when using their mobile phones. While connected, minors are exposed to a slightly higher volume of advertising (14 minutes per hour of use) than via other media such as television, with presence of ads during more than 80% of browsing time. Data on exposure of children to advertising through mobile phones with an internet connection were collected and analyzed. The minors were aged 10 to 14 years and lived in Santiago, a metropolitan area in Chile. Children visually interact with and consume advertising content through mobile devices. This eye contact and consumption occur mainly when minors visit game applications, YouTube (app), and histogram (app). Commercial content appeared 23.4% of the time analyzed. Online gaming (23%), food and distribution (18%), entertainment (8%), and fashion (8%) represented the highest percentage of ads. A non-participatory digital observation methodology was applied for data acquisition. Minors were asked to video-record the screen during common activities, thus registering their movements and the content to which they were visually exposed. Forty-five (45) children underwent weekly follow-ups, and an audiovisual database of over 300 recordings was created. Recordings meeting methodological constraints (on, for instance, duration) were subjected to content analysis.
Revista:
PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION
ISSN:
1386-6710
The following research has as its starting point the previous existence of different approaches to the study of digital literacy, which reflect a specialisation by area of study as well as connections and complementarity between them. The paper analyses research from the last 50 years through 11 key terms associated with the study of this subject. The article seeks to understand the contribution of each term for an integrated conceptualisation of digital literacy. From the data science approach, the methodology used is based on a systematized review of the literature and a network analysis using Gephi. The study analyses 16,753 articles from WoS and 5,809 from Scopus, between the period of 1968 to 2017. The results present the input to each key term studied as a map of keywords and a conceptual framework in different levels of analysis; in these, we show digital literacy as a central term that connects and integrates the others, and we define it as a process that integrates all the perspectives. The conclusions emphasise the comprehensive sense of digital literacy and its social condition, as well as the transversality to human life. This research aims to understand the relationships that exist between the different areas and contribute to the debate from a meta-theoretical level, validating meta-research for this interdisciplinary purpose.
Revista:
REVISTA DE COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1684-0933
Año:
2020
Vol.:
19
N°:
2
Págs.:
231 - 243
Avoiding commercial content while consuming media is not a new phenomenon. The theory recognizes different mechanisms to explain this behavior and the use of advertising blockers can be recognized as an active and conscious behavioral response to this type of content. It is interesting to delve into the reasons that can explain this response by the user. This article analyzes to what extent the use of this ad blocking software is related to conscious attitudes and what is the probability that certain profiles will use them more or less. The case of online news users in Spain is studied with the data from the Digital News Report 2018, which surveyed a representative sample of 2023 Spanish adults. Through a binomial logistic regression, it is shown that some demographic aspects such as age and gender seem to indicate a greater propensity to use this type of online advertising blocking software. Also users with an active attitude are more likely to use programs to block digital advertising. In contrast, it is shown how there are two profiles of people who are less likely to use these software: those who pay for online news and those who have greater familiarity and critical knowledge of the information sector.
Revista:
PRISMA SOCIAL
ISSN:
1989-3469
Año:
2018
N°:
20
Págs.:
129 - 159
Digital literacy involves a safe and critical use of ICTs for employment, learning, personal development and participation in society. Online communities as ecosystems based on the exchange of experiences, information, knowledge and collaborative learning through their interactions, have the potential to empower its members making Internet a tool for personal and social progress. This research analyzes the development of digital skills in the virtual community ScolarTIC through a network analysis and a survey among its users. The study reveals that on a dynamic and decentralized structure of knowledge sharing can help to develop various areas of digital competence. In the case of ScolarTIC, the areas of digital competence most developed among users are security and information (how to navigate, search, evaluate, store and retrieve information, both in smartphones and tablets and other devices).
Revista:
COMUNICAR. REVISTA CIENTIFICA IBEROAMERICANA DE COMUNICACION Y EDUCACION
ISSN:
1134-3478
Año:
2017
N°:
53
Págs.:
19 - 27
Over the past twenty years, the high penetration of mobile phones as a means of interpersonal communication, especially among adolescents, has facilitated access to broader social environments outside their own family. Through the extension of their social environment, teenagers are able to establish new and more extensive relationships, while facing risks that may negatively affect their socialization process. The aim of this article was to find out how computer-mediated communication helps or obstructs the creation of social capital between teenagers, and what are the consequences of its use for this age group. To achieve this, an index of social capital was developed in the study, designed to determine the positive or negative impact of certain components of mobile mediated communication in the creation of this intangible resource. Questionnaires were distributed among Spanish adolescents of secondary and high school age, from different public and private schools of Navarre. Furthermore, the study considered the adolescents' own perceptions about the incidence of the use of mobile phones in their social relationships. As reflected in the results, to identify the components of mediated communication that significantly affect social capital it is necessary to conduct an objective measurement of this resource.
Revista:
EDUCATION IN THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
ISSN:
2444-8729
Año:
2016
Vol.:
17
N°:
2
Págs.:
73 - 90
Revista:
COMUNICAR. REVISTA CIENTIFICA IBEROAMERICANA DE COMUNICACION Y EDUCACION
ISSN:
1134-3478
Año:
2015
Vol.:
23
N°:
45
Págs.:
179 - 186
El paisaje tecnológico de las pantallas en relación al menor apunta a numerosos desafíos que la industria afronta junto a las familias y el sector educativo. Sin embargo, hay poca bibliografía que ahonde en las polí-ticas estratégicas que está implantando el sector para hacer frente a los retos. Por ello, este artículo tiene dos objetivos: en primer lugar, realizar una síntesis del estado de la cuestión para, seguidamente, presentar los principales hallazgos sobre cómo están afrontando este panorama las 17 principales empresas interna-cionales en su política comercial y en su relación con grupos de interés. La metodología aplicada es de ca-rácter cualitativo, y analiza los informes de responsabilidad social y webs de las compañías, con el fin de identificar las líneas estratégicas y acciones empresariales, así como las personas e instituciones con quie-nes colaboran. Los resultados muestran que, pese a algunas diferencias entre regiones, el sector se atiene
© COMUNICAR, 45 (2015); e-ISSN: 1988-3293; Preprint DOI: 10.3916/C45-2015-19
a un interés por la autorregulación, la innovación en los productos, en las herramientas de protección, así como en el mantenimiento de una estrecha red de colaboraciones con grupos de interés, que permite retro-alimentar las políticas y estrategias. De este análisis se concluye que el sector necesita integrar las políticas de protección al menor no solo con el desarrollo de productos responsables, sino estrechando aún más los vínculos con grupos
Revista:
EDUCATION POLICY ANALYSIS ARCHIVES
ISSN:
1068-2341
Año:
2014
Vol.:
22
N°:
49
Págs.:
1 - 23
Revista:
BORDON
ISSN:
0210-5934
Año:
2013
Vol.:
65
N°:
1
Págs.:
147 - 166
Revista:
PATRIMONIO: ECONOMÍA CULTURAL Y EDUCACIÓN PARA LA PAZ (MEC-EDUPAZ)
ISSN:
2007-4778
Año:
2012
N°:
1
Págs.:
130 - 151
Revista:
TEMAS DE COMUNICACION
ISSN:
0798-7803
Año:
2011
N°:
22
Págs.:
111 - 134
Revista:
ANUARIO ININCO. INVESTIGACION DE LA COMUNICACION
ISSN:
0798-2992
Año:
2011
Vol.:
23
N°:
1
Págs.:
1-14
Revista:
Intervencion Psicosocial
ISSN:
1132-0559
Año:
2010
Vol.:
19
N°:
1
Págs.:
41 - 55
La generalización del uso de Internet y del resto de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación es una realidad que ha afectado a todos los países occidentales en los últimos años. España no ha escapado de esta realidad. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una imagen actualizada y sintetizada del usuario de Internet. Acudiendo a fuentes de datos públicas y privadas ya consolidadas, se ofrece una visión de los indicadores básicos así como de las variables clásicas, sexo, edad y clase social, que permiten entender cómo es el internauta tipo en España, donde casi seis de cada diez ciudadanos usa ya Internet. Conocer también cuáles son sus actividades habituales online, es parte de los objetivos de este artículo. Una visión detallada sobre los menores se ofrece teniendo en cuenta su especial vinculación con Internet.
Revista:
ANAGRAMAS
ISSN:
1692-2522
Año:
2010
Vol.:
9
N°:
17
Págs.:
45 - 56
La penetración de nuevas tecnologías, tales como Internet, la telefonía celular y videoconsolas, ha experimentado un crecimiento sostenido en Colombia durante la primera década del nuevo siglo. Los menores de edad, y entre ellos los adolescentes, integran el grupo poblacional más dispuesto para adoptar y adaptar, con mayor naturalidad, estas nuevas herramientas comunicativas en su vida diaria. El estudio de sus hábitos de consumo y sus preferencias en el uso de este tipo de nuevos medios de comunicación es el objetivo central del presente artículo de investigación.
Revista:
Revista de Estudios de Juventud
ISSN:
0211-4364
Año:
2010
N°:
88
Págs.:
115 - 129
Revista:
PARTICIPACION EDUCATIVA
ISSN:
1886-5097
Año:
2010
N°:
15
Págs.:
86 - 104
Autores:
Meso Ayerdi, Koldobika; Díaz-Noci, Javier; Lamondo Ureta, Ainara; et al.
Revista:
MEDIATIKA. CUADERNOS DE MEDIOS DE COMUNICACION
ISSN:
1137-4462
Año:
2010
N°:
12
Págs.:
301 - 319
Este estudio analiza el grado de penetración de Internet en las redacciones de los diarios vascos y navarros con edición en la Web y estudia hasta qué punto la Red está modificando las rutinas profesionales de los periodistas. Para ello se dispone de los resultados obtenidos de una encuesta realizada tanto a los responsables como a los periodistas que trabajan en las redacciones electrónicas de los periódicos mencionados.
