Objective: To check the predictive efficacy of subsequent reading difficulties of the Test for the early detection of difficulties in learning to read and write and the Battery for initiation to reading (BIL 3-6). Method: Both instruments were applied to students in the 2nd year of Preschool (107 participants for the Early Detection Test and 209 for the BIL 3-6), and 2 years later their reading was evaluated by reading Words and Pseudowords of the Prolec-R and Text IB of the TALE. An assessment of the participants¿ learning was also obtained from the teachers. Results: The sensitivity (S) and specificity (E) of both instruments were calculated based on the groupings of the students based on the results in the 3 reading tasks: good and poor readers from pc 16. Neither of the two instruments examined reach appropriate values of S and E. If an appropriate value of S is taken a priori to ensure that students at risk of difficulties are identified, then the E is very low, and therefore the number of false positives makes it impossible successful educational decisions. The general assessment of the teaching staff on the learning of each participant shows a similar predictive capacity as both instruments.

Objectives: Test the validity of the Simple View of Reading (Gough & Tunmer, 1986) in Spanish and analyze the contributions of decoding and linguistic abilities to reading comprehension. Method: This longitudinal study assessed a sample of 71 Spanish speaking children at Grade 1 and Grade 3. At each time point, a battery of tests assessed children¿s linguistic abilities, decoding and reading comprehension. The authors used the classic model of SVR: model 0 (pseudoword accuracy reading and listening comprehension) and a complex model: Model 1 (linguistic abilities and decoding). Results: Results of regression analyses showed that the original model of the SVR, explained little variance of reading comprehension in Spanish in comparison with the results obtained in English. However, a complex model explained 51% and 55% of the variance of reading comprehension in first and third grade respectively. The unique contribution of linguistic abilities increased from 27% in first grade to 43% in third grade and the contribution of decoding decreased from 24% in first grade to 2% in third grade. Conclusions: The results are explained in terms of the transparent nature of Spanish orthography and educational implications are discussed.

Reading rate is a measure related to reading comprehension, especially in languages with a transparent orthography such as Spanish. In spite of its potential for the follow-up of student reading learning or for the detection of dyslexia, there are few references that indicate the reading speed in Spanish in the different grades. In this work a meta-analysis is carried out to synthesize the available information and to detect which variables influence the reading speed. In this meta-analysis 45 publications are located that offer 113 measures of reading aloud and 54 of silent reading. The grade accounts for around 70% of the variance of reading rate results. The results are very heterogeneous and none of the variables chosen as moderators can explain this heterogeneity. However, moderator analysis show results that indicate a lower reading speed in Spanish American students than in Spanish students, lower speed in correct word per minute measurements than in word per minute measurements, and differences, at least in the early Elementary courses, according to the term in which the measurement is made. The meta-analysis offers the combined reading rate data aloud and silently from the first Elementary Education course to High School Juniors. In a few cases, these references can be broken down by terms. In comparison with other sources, it is surprising that those obtained here indicate slower speeds than those estimated in English. (C) 2020 Universidad de Pais Vasco. Published b

Objetivo El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar 2 marcadores del trastorno específico del lenguaje en niños españoles de 5 a 7 años. Estos marcadores son la repetición de oraciones y la repetición de pseudopalabras, que son los utilizados para esta función en la investigación sobre este trastorno. Los 2 remiten a déficits de memoria como origen de este trastorno. Se revisan las formas en que estas tareas han sido utilizadas en el marcaje del trastorno específico del lenguaje. Participantes Se han aplicado estas tareas a 3 grupos de niños de 5 a 7 años; uno constituido por niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, otro por niños con trastorno de habla y articulación y otro con niños con desarrollo típico. Resultados Los análisis discriminantes y la curva ROC ponen de manifiesto que es la repetición de oraciones la que tiene una mayor sensibilidad y especificidad para distinguir a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los niños con desarrollo típico, pero muestra una sensibilidad discreta en la diferenciación de los niños con desarrollo típico de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Ninguna de las tareas logra diferenciar con una precisión aceptable a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje de los que tienen trastorno de habla y articulación. Discusión y conclusiones Se explican las razones de la distinta potencia marcadora de ambas tareas para identificar a los niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje, trastorno de habla y articulac

Se presenta la secuencia de adquisición de 3 aspectos del desarrollo morfosintáctico del euskera (morfología verbal, morfología de caso y oraciones complejas) desde los 2;6 a los 5;0 años. Dicha secuencia se obtuvo a partir de una investigación con un doble diseño, longitudinal-secuencial y transversal, utilizando como técnicas para la obtención de datos la observación en contexto natural y el paradigma experimental de la imitación elicitada, respectivamente. Los datos obtenidos en ambos estudios se cruzaron y se organizaron en tramos de 6 meses de edad, para establecer edades de emergencia y adquisición de los aspectos estudiados.

Se presenta la secuencia de adquisición de 3 aspectos del desarrollo morfosintáctico del euskera (morfología verbal, morfología de caso y oraciones complejas) desde los 2;6 a los 5;0 años. Dicha secuencia se obtuvo a partir de una investigación con un doble diseño, longitudinal-secuencial y transversal, utilizando como técnicas para la obtención de datos la observación en contexto natural y el paradigma experimental de la imitación elicitada, respectivamente. Los datos obtenidos en ambos estudios se cruzaron y se organizaron en tramos de 6meses de edad, para establecer edades de emergencia y adquisición de los aspectos estudiados. This article aims to describe the acquisition sequence of three components of morphosyntactic development in the Basque language (verbal morphology, case morphology, and complex sentences) from the ages of 2.6 to 5.0 years. This sequence was obtained from a two-stage investigation: A first stage, with a longitudinal-sequential design, and a second stage, with a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained by observation in a natural context and the experimental paradigm of elicited imitation, respectively. The data obtained were pooled to establish the ages of emergence and acquisition of the three morphosyntactic components studied and were then organized into periods of 6months of age to show the developmental sequence.

Coord. Peña Casanova, Jorge