Finite element models tend to overestimate the actual elastic response of structural timber connections. The paper shows how such overprediction relates to the modelling of the contact between fasteners and timber. The use of a control parameter called stiffness contact is proposed. After an experimental campaign, a method to determine it, based only on the geometry of a rectangular contact area, is proposed. The modeling adequacy is demonstrated by applying it to dowel embedment and moment resistant wood joint tests. The obtained results show good agreement with the experimental test series.

The development of accurate structural modelling techniques is required to promote the use of timber as a renewable alternative to other structural materials. Due to their remarkable influence on the global behaviour of a timber structure, an accurate description of the performance of structural connections is needed. Particularly in the case of moment transmitting beam-to-column connections with dowel-type fasteners, such properties are difficult to obtain experimentally. This paper develops a finite element (FE) model that simulates the behaviour of these connections under quasi-static loading, with a focus on the estimation of rotational stiffness and load distribution among the dowels. The model is validated against short-term laboratory tests. Resulting friction between timber members due to the installation procedure must be considered, as it greatly influences the rotational response. Besides, non-linear behaviour of timber and a softened contact parameter have been implemented, and their influence on the FE model validation process is demonstrated.