Fundamento. La coexistencia de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) y del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es frecuente. El objetivo del estudio fue cuantificar la presencia de sintomatología TDAH en pacientes adultos con TCA y evaluar posibles correlaciones entre ambas sintomatologías. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal en pacientes con TCA. Se cumplimentaron los cuestionarios Eating Attitudes Test de 40 ítems (EAT-40), Eating Disorder Inventory 3ª edición (EDI-3) y la versión abreviada del Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1). Aquellos pacientes con ¿12 puntos en ASRS v1.1 completaron el cuestionario Attention Déficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale 4ª edición (ADHD-RS IV). Resultados. El 42,6% de los 108 pacientes incluidos puntuaron ¿12 en el ASRS v1.1. Estos sujetos puntuaron más en bulimia y en algunas escalas de desajuste psicológico del EDI-3, y aquellos con conductas de atracón y/o purga puntuaron más en Trastornos psicobiológicos del EAT-40 y en Insatisfacción corporal y Riesgo de TCA del EDI-3. No hubo diferencias en ADHD-RS IV según fueran cuadros restrictivos puros (n=13) o compulsivo-purgativos (n=33). La sintomatología TDAH correlacionó más con la clínica alimentaria y con el desajuste psicológico general en los casos compulsivopurgativos. Conclusiones. En población clínica con TCA son frecuentes los síntomas sugestivos de TDAH, más en cuadros con clínica compulsivo-purgativa pero no necesariamente más intensos. La correlación entre TDAH y TCA es mayor en cuadros compulsivo-purgativos. Los síntomas de TDAH conllevan mayor desajuste psicológico y mayor gravedad a nivel alimentario en los cuadros con sintomatología compulsivo-purgativa.

In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy, Spain, New York, and Hong Kong stood out for the ir high rates of infections. Given this scenario, a web-based international multisite and cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2020 to investigate the psychological impact of the pandemic and the restrictions imposed by the governments in these countries. We expected similar patterns in European countries, and no significant differences in terms of psychological impairment between Hong Kong (with a previous experience related to SARS, but subjected to restrictions for a longer time) and the other areas. Participants were 1955 adults from the above-mentioned areas. We assessed anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), COVID-19-related threats, and perceived burden of restrictive measures. Two-explorative factor analyses (EFAs) with Promax rotation identified COVID-19-related factors: personal physical threat, personal economic threat, global economic threat, and restriction-related burden. ANOVAs studied locations' differences and two-separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses by location determined whether and how COVID-19-related variables were associated with anxiety and depression, adjusting for age and sex. Italy and Hong Kong showed higher anxiety than Spain (p < 0.05); Hong Kong scored higher on depression than Italy and Spain (p < 0.001), which highlighted the lowest mean-score. New York participants showed the poorest mental health conditions. Anxiety was predicted by restriction-related burden (beta(NY) = 0.242; beta(HK) = 0.116) and personal economic threat (beta(NY) = 0.246; beta(HK) = 0.145) in New York (Adj.R-2 = 0.125) and Hong Kong (Adj.R-2 = 0.079); by global economic threat (beta = 0.199) and restriction-related burden (beta = 0.124) in Italy (Adj.R-2 = 0.108); and by personal physical threat (beta = 0.144) in Spain (Adj.R-2 = 0.049). Depression was predicted by restriction-related burden (beta(NY) = 0.313; beta(HK) = 0.120) and personal economic threat (beta(NY) = 0.229; beta(HK) = 0.204) in New York (Adj.R-2 = 0.161) and Hong Kong (Adj.R-2 = 0.089); by global economic threat (beta = 0.209) in Italy (Adj.R-2 = 0.149); and no predictors emerged in Spain. Findings could contribute to understanding the specific impact of the pandemic on people's psychological health in each area, along with the factors that impacted mental health. This information may be useful to implementing prevention interventions in case of restrictions.

The increased interest on measuring violence in romantic relationships has led to the identification of some risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) in its different forms. Some of them are often present from the onset of the relationships. However, little attention has been paid to the engagement period. This might be, in part, due to the cognitive dissonance that hinders partners reporting intimate violence when they are planning their wedding. The purpose of our study is to test the association between the individual perception of relationship power imbalance (RPI)¿a possible indirect measure of intimate violence¿and known predictors of IPV. To test this hypothesis, a total of 254 premarital couples taking part in a dynamic prospective cohort study completed a questionnaire with questions about the perception of RPI and referred predictors of IPV. Results showed a positive correlation between the perception of RPI and known predictors of IPV. These findings suggest that RPI is a powerful indirect measure to detect situations that might imply a mild form of IPV and that could evolve into stronger presentations of violence later in marriage. Noticing the presence of RPI before marriage could encourage the prevention and development of personal and relational strategies to avoid the consolidation of violent dynamics within the marital relationship.

Marital satisfaction and desire for change are closely related constructs, which are very important to measure couple dysfunction. The objective was to determine the eventual relationship between marital satisfaction and desire for change. A sample of 435 couples (166 functional and 264 dysfunctional) completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and the Areas of Change Questionnaire (ACQ). Results showed that women wanted more changes than men did. The variables marital satisfaction, number of children, and length of marriage were found to predict desire for change. Both men and women have a different perception of their couple relationship and number of children and years of marriage influence their perception.

There is a growing amount of research showing that a shared social identity and the sense of belonging to a family have a potential effect on health. However, little is known about the effects of severe mental illness on family identity. The authors carried out this thematic synthesis based on a systematic review of literature on family narratives of severe mental illness and family identity. The main findings indicate that in many families (i) their identity¿as a shared social identity¿undergoes a transformation process by which the identity aspects of being a family are reinforced; (ii) family members often take on a caring role as their main family role; and finally, (iii) a cultural component shapes this transformation process. The authors describe implications for research and application in the mental health field. All in all, family identity is transformed by the experience of severe mental illness

Se entrevistaron seis familias y dieciocho participantes. Se encontraron dos categorías: requerimientos de las familias y de familia a familia. En los requerimientos se destacan la optimización de la relación con los profesionales de la salud, los medicamentos, los centros de rehabilitación psicosocial y el apoyo a las familias. En la segunda categoría se encuentran recomendaciones desde la perspectiva del familiar con enfermedad y de los familiares sin enfermedad. Conclusiones: Las familias desean mayor acompañamiento por los profesionales sanitarios, y a la vez son una fuente de aprendizajes que pueden ser utilizados para el proceso de recuperación de otras familias.

Introducción: La literatura sugiere que existen factores que explican la asociación entre insatisfacción conyugal y Depresión Mayor. Analizamos si la personalidad actúa como factor determinante en la asociación entre insatisfacción conyugal y la aparición de un Primer Episodio de Depresión Mayor (PEDM). Además, estudiamos si hay factores de personalidad específicos que se relacionen con la insatisfacción conyugal en función de la evolución del PEDM. Metodología: Administramos la Escala de Hamilton para la Depresión y la Escala de Ajuste Diádico en el momento del diagnóstico del trastorno depresivo (T1) y seis meses más tarde (T2), en seis centros ambulatorios. Participaron 59 matrimonios con un cónyuge diagnosticado de PEDM y otro cónyuge sano. Además, los pacientes deprimidos completaron el Inventario de Personalidad NEO-PIR. Resultados: Hay factores de personalidad que median entre el PEDM y la insatisfacción conyugal. El "neuroticismo" media tanto en T1 como en T2. Sin embargo, la relación entre los factores de personalidad y la insatisfacción conyugal depende de la evolución del episodio. Si éste ha remitido en T2, la personalidad puede no asociarse con la interacción conyugal, pero si persiste, la "apertura" y la "responsabilidad" se asocian con menor insatisfacción conyugal. Conclusiones: El "neuroticismo" es el factor de personalidad más importante como mediador entre insatisfacción conyugal y la evolución de un PEDM.