Revistas
Revista:
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
ISSN:
1708-8569
Año:
2022
Vol.:
18
N°:
7
Págs.:
482 - 489
Background The association between parental perception of child's weight and their attitudes towards his/her dietary habits has not been reported yet. This study aimed to assess the association between parental underestimation of child's weight and parental attitudes towards child's dietary habits. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of SENDO cohort participants recruited between January 2015 and June 2020. All information was collected through online questionnaires completed by parents. We calculated crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary habits associated with parental underestimation of child's weight. Results Sixteen percent of children in the SENDO project had parents who underestimated their weight. Parents who underestimated their child's weight status were more likely to have unhealthy attitudes toward his/her dietary habits [OR 3.35; 95% CI (1.71-6.53)]. Conclusions Parental underestimation of child's weight was associated with unhealthy attitudes towards child's dietary habits. Pediatricians and public health practitioners should pay attention to the parental perception of child's weight to identify parents who underestimate it as an at-risk group in which to inquire about lifestyle and dietary habits.
Revista:
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
ISSN:
1368-9800
Año:
2021
Vol.:
24
N°:
11
Págs.:
3294 - 3303
Objective: To assess whether higher adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was associated with lower consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and lower free sugar intake. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline information among participants in the SENDO project, a Spanish paediatric cohort. Dietary information was collected through a semi-quantitative FFQ. Food items were classified according to the NOVA classification. Adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated through the KIDMED index. Setting: Spain. Participants: Three hundred eight-six children (52 % boys) with a mean age of 5 center dot 3 years old (sd 1 center dot 0) were included in the analysis. Results: 74 center dot 4 % of the children had moderate adherence to the MedDiet (mean KIDMED score: 5 center dot 9 points; sd 1 center dot 7) and overall, 32 center dot 2 % of the total energy intake came from UPF. Each two additional points in the KIDMED score was associated with 3 center dot 1 % (95 % CI 2 center dot 1, 4 center dot 0) lower energy intake from UPF. Compared to those with low adherence to the MedDiet, children with medium and high adherence reported 5 center dot 0 % (95 % CI 2 center dot 2, 7 center dot 7) and 8 center dot 5 % (95 % CI 5 center dot 2, 11 center dot 9) lower energy intake from UPF, respectively. We also found that 71 center dot 6 % of the variability in free sugar intake was explained by the variability in UPF consumption. Conclusions: Adherence to the traditional MedDiet was inversely associated with energy intake from UPF. Furthermore, most of the variability in free sugar intake was explained by the variability of UPF consumption. Public health strategies are needed to strengthen the adherence to the MedDiet in pre-schoolers while regulating the production, marketing and advertising of UPF.
Revista:
NUTRICION HOSPITALARIA
ISSN:
0212-1611
Año:
2021
Vol.:
38
N°:
5
Págs.:
961 - 970
Introduction: the preschool stage is a critical period for teaching and modeling healthy habits to positively influence children's health and wellbeing throughout their lifetime.
Objectives: to evaluate the association between parental attitudes towards their offspring's dietary habits in Spanish children aged 4 to 7 years participating in the Follow-up of Children for Optimal Development (SENDO) project.
Methods: we defined an index to measure information on parental attitudes towards their offspring's diet (0 to 8 points), and another one to measure children's actual dietary habits (0 to 19 points). A higher score meant healthier attitudes and healthier habits, respectively. Information was collected through an online questionnaire completed by parents. We calculated crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for children's healthy dietary habits associated with parental scores in the parental attitudes index. Generalized estimation equations (GEE) were used to account for intra-cluster correlation between siblings.
Results: a total of 423 preschoolers (52.3 % boys, mean age 5.3 years) were included in the analyses. Half of the children (51 %) reported unhealthy dietary habits, whereas 56 % of parents reported high adherence to the healthy eating index. Compared to those in the lowest category, the children whose parents were in the highest category in the parental attitudes index showed significantly higher odds of having healthy dietary habits (OR: 2.91; 95 % CI: 1.30-6.53, p for trend = 0.004).
Conclusions: our results support a direct association between parental attitudes and their offspring's dietary habits, suggesting that public health interventions aimed at improving children's dietary habits should shift from the individual- to a family-based approach.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
ISSN:
1034-4810
Año:
2021
Vol.:
57
N°:
6
Págs.:
819-825
Aim: The association between caesarean delivery and the risk of overweight/obesity in the offspring has been previously reported using conventional measures of association (relative risks or odds ratios). We aimed at refining the existing evidence by calculating the marginal effect of the exposure and estimating the unmeasured residual confounding. Methods: In the 'SEguimiento del Nino para un Desarrollo Optimo' Project, a dynamic multipurpose paediatric cohort study, we collected information from parents through self-administered online questionnaires. We estimated the offspring's risk of overweight/obesity at age 4-6 years, associated with the type of delivery through marginal effect of the exposure. Unmeasured residual confounding was assessed using the E-value. Results: Among 407 participants (mean-age: 5.0 years (standard deviation: 0.9)), 86 (21.1%) were born by caesarean delivery. Children born by caesarean delivery had higher odds of overweight/obesity than those born vaginally. Subgroup analyses showed similar results. The multivariable adjusted marginal effect showed that caesarean delivery was associated with an 8.0% (95% confidence interval: 0.2-15.7) absolute increase in the prevalence of overweight/obesity. The estimated residual confounding showed an E-value of 4.03, higher than the OR obtained for all the confounding factors we accounted for. Conclusions: Caesarean delivery was associated with an 8% absolute increase in the risk of overweight/obesity that is very unlikely explained by residual confounding.
Revista:
NUTRIENTS
ISSN:
2072-6643
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
N°:
2
Págs.:
687
Dairy products might influence breast cancer (BC) risk. However, evidence is inconsistent. We sought to examine the association between dairy product consumption-and their subtypes-and incident BC in a Mediterranean cohort. The SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") Project is a Spanish dynamic ongoing cohort of university graduates. Dairy product consumption was estimated through a previously validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident BC was reported in biennial follow-up questionnaires and confirmed with revision of medical records and consultation of the National Death Index. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with Cox regression models. Among 123,297 women-years of follow-up (10,930 women, median follow-up 12.1 years), we confirmed 119 incident BC cases. We found a nonlinear association between total dairy product consumption and BC incidence (p (nonlinear) = 0.048) and a significant inverse association for women with moderate total dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.28-0.84); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.49 (95% CI 0.29-0.84) p(trend) = 0.623) and with moderate low-fat dairy product consumption (HRQ2vs.Q1 = 0.58 (95% CI 0.35-0.97); HRQ3vs.Q1 = 0.55 (95% CI 0.32-0.92), p (trend) = 0.136). In stratified analyses, we found a significant inverse association between intermediate low-fat dairy product consumption and premenopausal BC and between medium total dairy product consumption and postmenopausal BC. Thus, dairy products, especially low-fat dairy products, may be considered within overall prudent dietary patterns.
Revista:
ANTIOXIDANTS
ISSN:
2076-3921
Año:
2021
Vol.:
10
N°:
3
Págs.:
340
There is growing interest in natural antioxidants and their potential effects on breast cancer (BC). Epidemiological evidence, however, is inconsistent. We prospectively evaluated the association between dietary intake of vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, and zinc and BC among 9983 female participants from the SUN Project, a Mediterranean cohort of university graduates. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline, and biennial follow-up information about incident BC diagnosis was collected. Cases were ascertained through revision of medical charts and consultation of the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). During an average follow-up of 11.3 years, 107 incident BC cases were confirmed. The multivariable HRs (95% CI) for BC comparing extreme tertiles of energy-adjusted dietary intakes were 1.07 (0.64-1.77; P-trend = 0.673) for vitamin A, 1.00 (0.58-1.71; P-trend = 0.846) for vitamin C, 0.92 (0.55-1.54; P-trend = 0.728) for vitamin E, 1.37 (0.85-2.20; P-trend = 0.135) for selenium, and 1.01 (0.61-1.69; P-trend = 0.939) for zinc. Stratified analyses showed an inverse association between vitamin E intake and postmenopausal BC (HRT3 vs. T1 = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14-0.86; P-trend = 0.027). Our results did not suggest significant protective associations between dietary vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, or zinc and BC risk.
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
1436-6207
Año:
2021
Vol.:
60
N°:
7
Págs.:
3783 - 3797
Purpose Epidemiological evidence concerning the relationship between calcium and vitamin D intake and breast cancer (BC) is inconclusive. Moreover, the association according to menopausal status remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether total intakes from dietary and supplemental sources of calcium and vitamin D were associated with the incidence of BC in a Mediterranean cohort. Methods We prospectively evaluated the association between intakes of calcium and vitamin D and BC risk among 10,812 women in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project, a Spanish cohort of university graduates. Results During a mean follow-up of 10.7 years, 101 incident BC cases were confirmed. Evidence of a non-linear association between total calcium intake and BC risk was found (Pnon-linearity = 0.011) with risk reductions associated with higher intake up to approximately 1400 mg/day. Moderate intake [Tertile 2 (T2)] of total calcium was associated with lower overall BC risk [HR for T2 vs. Tertile 1 (T1): 0.55; 95% CI 0.33-0.91] and also among postmenopausal women (HRT2 vs. T1 = 0.38; 95% CI 0.16-0.92). Intake of vitamin D was not associated with BC risk. Conclusions Our findings suggest an L-shaped association between total calcium intake and BC incidence. Moderate calcium intake may be associated with lower BC risk among overall and postmenopausal women, but not among premenopausal women. No evidence for any association between vitamin D intake and BC was found. Adherence to current guidelines recommendations for calcium intake may help to reduce BC risk.
Revista:
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
ISSN:
0091-7435
Año:
2021
Vol.:
148
Págs.:
106535
Evidence is still limited on the influence of sedentary lifestyles on breast cancer (BC) risk. Also, prospective information on the combined effects of both sedentariness and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is scarce. We aimed to assess the association of higher sedentary behavior and LTPA (separately and in combination) with the risk of BC in a middle-aged cohort of university graduates. The SUN Project is a follow-up study initiated in 1999 with recruitment permanently open. Baseline assessments included a validated questionnaire on LTPA and sedentary habits. Subsequently, participants completed biennial follow-up questionnaires. Multivariable adjusted Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) for incident BC according to LTPA, TV-watching, the joint classification of both, and a combined 8-item multidimensional active lifestyle score. We included 10,812 women, with 11.8 years of median follow-up of. Among 115,802 women-years of follow-up, we confirmed 101 incident cases of BC. Women in the highest category of LTPA ( 2 points) group. There was no significant supra-multiplicative interaction between TV-watching and LTPA. Both low LTPA and TV-watching 2 h/d may substantially increase BC risk, independently of each other.
Revista:
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
1475-2662
Año:
2021
Vol.:
126
N°:
1
Págs.:
43 - 52
The global growing rates of cognitive decline and dementia, together with the absence of curative therapies for these conditions, support the interest in researching potential primary prevention interventions, with particular focus on dietary habits. The aim was to assess the association between polyphenol intake and 6-year change in cognitive function in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) Project, a Spanish prospective cohort study. Changes (final - initial) in cognitive function were evaluated in a subsample of 806 participants (mean age 66 (sd 5) years, 69·7 % male) of the SUN Project using the validated Spanish Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified score. Polyphenol intake was derived from a validated semi-quantitative FFQ and matching food composition data from the Phenol-Explorer database. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between total polyphenol intake, polyphenol subclasses and cognitive changes. No significant association between total polyphenol intake and changes in cognitive function was found. However, a higher intake of lignans (ßQuintile (Q) 5 v. Q1 0·81; 95 % CI 0·12, 1·51; Ptrend = 0·020) and stilbenes (ßQ5 v. Q1 0·82; 95 % CI 0·15, 1·49; Ptrend = 0·028) was associated with more favourable changes in cognitive function over time, particularly with respect to immediate memory and language domains. Olive oil and nuts were the major sources of variability in lignan intake, and wine in stilbene intake. The results suggest that lignan and stilbene intake was associated with improvements in cognitive function.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
0022-3166
Año:
2021
Vol.:
151
N°:
9
Págs.:
2768 - 2779
Background: Whether consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) is associated with the risk of breast cancer is of public health interest. Objectives: We sought to evaluate associations between consumption of SSBs and ASBs and risks of total and subtype-specific breast cancer. Methods: We followed 82,713 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1980 to 2016) and 93,085 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1991 to 2017). Cumulatively averaged intakes of SSBs and ASBs from FFQs were tested for associations with incident breast cancer cases and subtypes using Cox regression models. We also evaluated the associations stratified by menopausal status, physical activity, BMI, and alcohol intake. Results: We documented 11,379 breast cancer cases during 4,655,153 person-years of follow-up. Consumption of SSBs or ASBs was not associated with total breast cancer risk: pooled HRs comparing extreme categories (>= 1/day compared with <1/month) were 1.03 (95% CI, 0.95-1.12) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.91-1.02), respectively. We observed a suggestive interaction by BMI using pooled data (P-interaction = 0.08), where a modestly higher risk of breast cancer with each serving per day increment of SSBs was found in lean women (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.11) but not among overweight or obese women (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.95-1.06). Moreover, in the pooled, fully adjusted analysis, compared to infrequent consumers (<1/month), those who consumed >= 1 serving of ASBs per day had a lower risk of luminal A breast tumors (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80-1.01; P-trend = 0.02). Conclusions: Although no significant associations were observed overall, consumption of SSBs was associated with a slightly higher risk of breast cancer among lean women. This finding could have occurred by chance and needs confirmation. Our findings also suggest no substantial increase in the risk of breast cancer with consumption of ASBs.
Revista:
NUTRIENTS
ISSN:
2072-6643
Año:
2020
Vol.:
12
N°:
3
Págs.:
731
Alcohol intake is associated with the risk of breast cancer. Different patterns of alcohol-drinking may have different effects on breast cancer even when keeping constant the total amount of alcohol consumed. We aimed to assess the association between binge drinking and breast cancer risk. The SUN Project is a Spanish dynamic prospective cohort of university graduates initiated in 1999. In the 556-item lifestyle baseline questionnaire a validated food-frequency questionnaire was embedded. Participants completed biennial follow-up questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer associated with the exposure to binge drinking. A stratified analysis was performed according to menopausal status. We included 9577 women (mean age = 34 years, SD = 10 years), with a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Among 104,932 women-years of follow-up, we confirmed 88 incident cases of breast cancer. Women in the binge drinking group showed a higher risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03-2.99) compared to women in the non-binge drinking category. In the stratified analysis, a 2-fold higher risk for premenopausal breast cancer was associated with binge drinking habit (HR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.11-3.82). This study adds new evidence on the association of binge drinking with breast cancer risk.
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
1436-6207
Año:
2020
Vol.:
59
N°:
8
Págs.:
3461 - 3471
Introduction Breast cancer prevalence is growing worldwide. Many factors, such as diet and lifestyle could be determinants of the incidence of breast cancer. Coffee has been extensively studied in relation to several chronic diseases because of its multiple effects in health maintenance and its elevated consumption. We studied the relationship between coffee intake and breast cancer risk in the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) prospective cohort. Materials and methods We evaluated 10,812 middle-aged, Spanish female university graduates from the SUN Project, initially free of breast cancer. Coffee consumption was assessed with a 136-item validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Incident breast cancer cases were confirmed by a trained oncologist using medical records and by consultation of the National Death Index. We fitted Cox regression models to assess the relationship between baseline categories of coffee consumption and the incidence of breast cancer during follow-up. We stratified the analysis by menopausal status. Results During 115,802 person-years of follow-up, 101 new cases of breast cancer were confirmed. Among postmenopausal women, more than 1 cup of coffee per day was associated with a lower incidence of breast cancer (HR 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.21, 0.92) in the fully adjusted model, compared to women who consumed one cup of coffee or less per day. We observed no significant differences in regard to premenopausal women. Conclusion Even though the number of cases was low, slight indications of an inverse association between coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women were observed. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm this finding.
Autores:
Castro-Barquero, S.; Tresserra-Rimbau, A.; Vitelli-Storelli, F. ; et al.
Revista:
NUTRIENTS
ISSN:
2072-6643
Año:
2020
Vol.:
12
N°:
3
Págs.:
689
Dietary polyphenol intake is associated with improvement of metabolic disturbances. The aims of the present study are to describe dietary polyphenol intake in a population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to examine the association between polyphenol intake and the components of MetS. This cross-sectional analysis involved 6633 men and women included in the PREDIMED (PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea-Plus) study. The polyphenol content of foods was estimated from the Phenol-Explorer 3.6 database. The mean of total polyphenol intake was 846 +/- 318 mg/day. Except for stilbenes, women had higher polyphenol intake than men. Total polyphenol intake was higher in older participants (>70 years of age) compared to their younger counterparts. Participants with body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m(2) reported lower total polyphenol, flavonoid, and stilbene intake than those with lower BMI. Total polyphenol intake was not associated with a better profile concerning MetS components, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), although stilbenes, lignans, and other polyphenols showed an inverse association with blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. A direct association with HDL-c was found for all subclasses except lignans and phenolic acids. To conclude, in participants with MetS, higher intake of several polyphenol subclasses was associated with a better profile of MetS components, especially HDL-c.
Revista:
NUTRITION
ISSN:
0899-9007
Objectives: Provegetarian diets, also known as predominantly plant-based (but not vegetarian or vegan) or plant-forward diets, have been associated with health benefits. However, a distinction is needed between highand low-quality provegetarian dietary patterns (PVGs). We sought to examine potential associations between PVG indices and breast cancer (BC) incidence. Methods: We assessed 10 812 women in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort. We calculated an over-all PVG pattern from a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire as proposed by Martinez -Gonzalez et al, assigning positive scores (based on quintiles) to plant foods and reversing the quintile scores for animal foods. Participants were categorized according to tertiles of the overall score. We also calculated a healthful PVG (hPVG) and unhealthful PVG (uPVG) as proposed by Satija et al. Results: After a median of 11.5 years of follow-up, 101 incident BC cases, confirmed by medical records, were observed. A significant inverse association with BC (comparing tertile 2 vs. tertile 1, HR= 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.95) was identified for a modest overall PVG, but not for hPVG and uPVG separately. Nevertheless, the highest tertile was not associated with BC. Conclusions: In this large prospective cohort study, a moderate adherence to a PVG might decrease the risk of BC. Further studies should replicate and expand these results to other racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Revista:
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
ISSN:
1368-9800
Año:
2020
Vol.:
23
N°:
17
Págs.:
3148 - 3159
Objective: Due to the growing interest in the role of dietary patterns (DPs) on chronic diseases, we assessed the association between a posteriori identified DPs in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project - a prospective cohort study in a Mediterranean country - and breast cancer (BC) risk. Design: DPs were ascertained through a principal component analysis based on 31 predefined food groups. BC cases were initially identified through self-report or, if deceased, from death certificates or by notification by the next kin. Women reporting BC were asked to provide a copy of their medical report and diagnoses for confirmation purposes. We fitted Cox regression models to assess the association between adherence to the identified DPs and BC risk. Setting: Spanish university graduates. Participants: We included 10 713 young and middle-aged - mainly premenopausal - women. Results: After a median follow-up of 10 center dot 3 years, we identified 100 confirmed and 168 probable incident BC cases. We described two major DPs: 'Western dietary pattern' (WDP) and 'Mediterranean dietary pattern' (MDP). A higher adherence to a WDP was associated with an increased risk of overall BC (multivariable-adjusted HR for confirmed BC Q4 v. Q1 1 center dot 70; 95 % CI 0 center dot 93, 3 center dot 12; P for trend = 0 center dot 045). Contrarily, adherence to a MDP was inversely associated with premenopausal BC (multivariable-adjusted HR Q4 v. Q1 0 center dot 33; 95 % CI 0 center dot 12, 0 center dot 91). No significant associations were observed for postmenopausal BC. Conclusions: Whereas a higher adherence to the WDP may increase the risk of BC, a higher adherence to the MDP may decrease the risk of premenopausal BC.
Revista:
CLINICAL NUTRITION
ISSN:
0261-5614
Año:
2019
Vol.:
38
N°:
54
Págs.:
2259 - 2268
Background & aims: Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, and diet is suspected to play a role in its development. Dietary factors may mediate this process through modulation of inflammation, though findings from previous studies have not been consistent. We aimed to longitudinally assess the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII (R)), a frequently used method to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet, and incident BC. Methods: We included 10,713 middle-aged, Spanish female university graduates from the SUN cohort. DII (R) scores were derived from a validated 136-item food-frequency questionnaire, and it was based on scientific evidence on the relationship between diet and inflammatory biomarkers. Diagnosis of BC was reported by the participant or, if deceased, by the next of kin or identified from death certificates. Self-reports of BC were confirmed by revision of medical reports by an experienced oncologist. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between quartiles of DII (R) and incident BC. Results: After 10.3 years of median follow-up, we identified 100 confirmed and 168 probable incident BC cases. The multivariable-adjusted HR for participants in the 4th quartile to the 1st quartile was 1.44 (95% CI 0.76-2.72; p-trend: 0.339) when confirmed cases were analyzed, and 1.20 (95% CI 0.72-1.99; p-trend: 0.757) for the probable cases. We neither observed statistically significant differences in regard to menopausal status. Conclusions: The apparent increase in risk between DII (R) scores and BC in our cohort was not statistically significant, which could be partly explained by the small number of observed cases. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
1436-6207
Año:
2019
Vol.:
58
N°:
7
Págs.:
2875 - 2886
Purpose Breast cancer (BC) incidence is increasing worldwide. Higher insulin resistance may potentially lead to an increased risk of BC. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are an acknowledged dietary factor that increases insulin resistance. However, the association between SSB and BC has not been widely explored. We evaluated the association between baseline consumption of SSB and the incidence of BC among relatively young women in a cohort of Spanish university graduates. Methods We evaluated 10,713 middle-aged, Spanish female university graduates (median age 33) from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort, initially free of BC. SSB consumption was collected at baseline using a validated 136-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Incidence of BC was confirmed by a trained oncologist using medical records. We fitted Cox regression models to assess the relationship between baseline categories of SSB consumption and the incidence of BC during follow-up. We stratified the analyses by menopausal status. Results During 106,189 person-years follow-up, 100 incident cases of BC were confirmed. Among postmenopausal women, regular consumption of SSB was associated with a significantly higher incidence of BC (HR 2.12; 95% CI 1.02, 4.41) in the fully adjusted model, compared to women who never or seldom consumed SSB. No association was found among premenopausal women (HR 1.16; 95% CI 0.66, 2.07). Conclusions Even though the number of cases was small, in this Mediterranean cohort, we observed a direct association between SSB consumption and BC risk among postmenopausal women. Nonetheless further larger longitudinal studies are needed to support this association.
Revista:
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
ISSN:
0007-1145
Año:
2019
Vol.:
122
N°:
5
Págs.:
542 - 551
Polyphenols are a wide family of phytochemicals present in diverse foods. They might play a role in cancer development and progression. In vivo and in vitro studies have suggested beneficial properties and potential mechanisms. We aimed to evaluate the association between total and main classes of polyphenol intake and breast cancer (BC) risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project - a prospective Mediterranean cohort study. We included 10 713 middle-aged, Spanish female university graduates. Polyphenol intake was derived from a semi-quantitative FFQ and matching food consumption data from the Phenol-Explorer database. Women with self-reported BC were asked to return a copy of their medical report for confirmation purposes; death certificates were used for fatal cases. Cox models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for the association between tertiles (T) of polyphenol intake and BC. After 10 center dot 3 years of median follow-up, 168 probable incident BC cases were identified, out of which 100 were confirmed. We found no association between polyphenol intake and the overall BC risk. Nevertheless, we observed a significant inverse association between total polyphenol intake and BC risk for postmenopausal women, either for probable or only for confirmed cases (HRT3 v. T1 0 center dot 31 (95 % CI 0 center dot 13, 0 center dot 77; P-trend=0 center dot 010)). Also, phenolic acid intake was inversely associated with postmenopausal BC. In summary, we observed no significant association between total polyphenol intake and BC risk. Despite a low number of incident BC cases in our cohort, higher total polyphenol intake was associated with a lower risk of postmenopausal BC.
Revista:
NUTRIENTS
ISSN:
2072-6643
Año:
2018
Vol.:
10
N°:
12
Págs.:
1875
Parental nutrition knowledge and attitudes play a fundamental role in their children's food knowledge. However, little is known about their influence on their children's diet quality and micronutrient intake. Thus, we aimed to assess the association of parental nutrition knowledge and healthy-eating attitudes with their children's adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and micronutrient adequacy. Parental healthy-eating attitudes and knowledge of the quality of their child's diet as well as anthropometric, lifestyle, and nutrient intake characteristics were recorded with a basal questionnaire that included a 140-item-food frequency-questionnaire. A total of 287 pre-school children were included in the analyses. Intake adequacy was defined using the Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) cut-off point method. We developed a parental nutrition knowledge and healthy-eating attitudes scores and evaluated whether they were independently associated with 1) children's inadequate intake (probability of failing to meet 3 EAR) of micronutrients, using logistic regression analyses, and 2) children's diet quality (adherence to the Mediterranean Diet according to a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents, the KIDMED index), using multiple linear regression models. A higher score in the parental healthy-eating attitudes score was associated with lower risk of failing to meet 3 EAR compared with the reference category (odds ratio (OR): 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12-0.95; p for trend: 0.037) and a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the most adjusted model ( coefficient: 0.34; 95% CI 0.01-0.67; p for trend: 0.045). Our results suggest a positive association of parental healthy-eating attitudes with nutritional adequacy and diet quality in a sample of Spanish preschoolers. Public health strategies should focus on encouraging parental healthy-eating attitudes rather than simply educating parents on what to feed their children, recognizing the important influence of parental behavior on children's practices.