The Colegios Mayores boomed after the Spanish Civil War. The promoter of this policy was José Ibáñez Martín, Minister of National Education (1939-1951). The reasons that had led to the revival of this old residential formula based on cultured coexistence since the beginning of the 20th century seemed more powerful than ever. The aim was to form leading minorities to regenerate Spanish politics, society and culture. The background was the reform of a university which, it was thought, was in decline because it was not able to educate. The study of the development of the Colegios Mayores is completed in the light of a model, the Jiménez de Cisneros in Madrid, heir to the prestigious Residencia de Estudiantes. The Minister of National Education also had the support of the main forces of Franco¿s authoritarian coalition, which he encouraged to collaborate with the State in the creation of Colegios Mayores. This impulse, which suffered the hardships of the post-war period and its political vicissitudes, did not achieve the expected results, but crystallised into an ecosystem of centres of varying sizes (at least 63 by the time the minister left power in 1951) reflecting different political and social interests in this residential model.

This article studies the Revista Nacional de Educacion, published by the Ministry of National Education between 1941-1951, during Jose Ibanez Martin's control. This work includes information from Jose Ibanez Martin's personal archive and the jorunal's collection. The objective is to highlight with examples (the university's reform, the totalitarian Falangist project and the Hispanic American activities of the Ateneo de Madrid) the significance of the journal to know Franco's regime. Furthermore, the intention of the article is to point out the journal's work for the State. The journal, directed by Pedro Rocamora, was an instrument to reach the intellectual goals of the Ministry of National Education. Moreover, the journal contributes to the legislative and informative works. During ten years, the Revista Nacional de Educacion changes in order to solve the problems of postwar's nuevo Estado. In addition, the journal was a propagandist instrument, in special since 1945, when the Educacion Popular competences were controlled by Ibanez Martin.

La acción de Vargas, del mito al hecho. Un episodio de la primera guerra carlista (1833-1840) en la provincia de Santander

El comienzo de la Guerra Carlista sorprendió a los liberales sin que contasen con una organización militar en la que apoyarse. Los carlistas se habían adelantado y, aunque con una estructura precaria, empezaron a levantar las primeras partidas. Los liberales no elaboraron los primeros reglamentos para sus fuerzas hasta comienzos de 1834. En Santander hubo que poner en pie una primera organización militar para acometer la acción de Vargas con unas directrices generales basadas en lo que habían sido las milicias nacionales pero sin que se contase con el mandato expreso del gobierno de Madrid, por lo que su puesta en pie hubo de sustentarse en los mismos principios que habían sustentado las juntas de defensa de la Guerra de Independencia. Después de la acción de Vargas y la de Santullán, se estableció una junta provincial de Defensa que se encargó de organizar las tareas de defensa, policía, comunicaciones, durante esos primeros meses de la guerra Carlista.