Revistas
Revista:
MOLECULES
ISSN:
1420-3049
Año:
2022
Vol.:
27
N°:
20
Págs.:
7100
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment due to a severe loss of cholinergic neurons in specific brain areas. It is the most common type of dementia in the aging population. Although many anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) drugs are already available on the market, their performance sometimes yields unexpected results. For this reason, research works are ongoing to find potential anti-AChE agents both from natural and synthetic sources. In this study, 90 extracts from 30 native and naturalized medicinal plants are tested by TLC and Ellman's colorimetric assay at 250, 125 and 62.5 mu g/mL in order to determine the inhibitory effect on AChE. In total, 21 out of 90 extracts show high anti-AChE activity (75-100% inhibition) in a dose-dependent manner. Among them, ethanolic extract from aerial parts of O. vulgare ssp. vulgare shows an IC50 value 7.7 times lower than galantamine. This research also establishes the chemical profile of oregano extract by TLC, HPLC-DAD and LC-MS, and twenty-three compounds are identified and quantified. Dihydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids are the most abundant ones (56.90 and 25.94%, respectively). Finally, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties are quantified by colorimetric methods. The total phenolic content is 207.64 +/- 0.69 mu g/mg of extract. The antioxidant activity is measured against two radicals, DPPH and ABTS. In both assays, the oregano extract shows high activity. The Pearson correlation matrix shows the relationship between syringic acids, a type of dihydroxybenzoic acid, and anti-AChE (r(2) = -0.9864) and antioxidant activity (r(2) = 0.9409 and 0.9976). In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate promising potential new uses of these medicinal herbs for the treatment of Alzheimer's. Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare and syringic acids, which have anti-AChE activity and beneficial antioxidant capacity, can be highlighted as potential candidates for the development of drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases characterized by a cholinergic deficit.
Revista:
REVISTA DE FITOTERAPIA
ISSN:
1576-0952
Año:
2021
Vol.:
19
N°:
1
Págs.:
31 - 42
La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es un importante problema de salud pública. La resistencia a la insulina y el deterioro de la secreción de insulina pancreática son los factores principales de la patogenia de la DM2. El tratamiento de la DM2 y sus complicaciones suele ser complejo y costoso. Los preparados a base de plantas medicinales pueden ser de interés en el tratamiento de esta patología. Varios estudios han demostrado los efectos hipoglucemiantes de la hoja Moringa oleifera. Este artículo aporta una revisión de los 14 ensayos clínicos realizados con preparados de Moringa oleifera para el tratamiento de esta patología. Se puede concluir que dichos preparados provocan una reducción significativa en los niveles glucémicos, tanto en pacientes diabéticos como en individuos sanos.
Revista:
HORTICULTURA
ISSN:
2340-2903
Año:
2021
Vol.:
1
N°:
352
Págs.:
40 - 43
Autores:
McBride, J. R. (Autor de correspondencia); Cavero, R Y; Cheshire, A. L.; et al.
Revista:
PULMONARY MEDICINE
ISSN:
2090-1836
Año:
2021
Vol.:
5
N°:
2
Págs.:
1000114
Although many modern medicines have been derived from the knowledge of the use of plants by indigenous people, we believe there are more cures known to indigenous people that are yet to be communicated to the modern world. The main barriers to communication about these plants are a sense of the part of many members of the developed world that indigenous people are primitive, and their knowledge of medicine is rudimentary and fear on the part of indigenous people that their intellectual property will be taken without proper compensation.
Autores:
McBride, J.R. (Autor de correspondencia); Cavero, R Y; Cheshire, A.L.; et al.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE
ISSN:
1746-4269
Año:
2020
Vol.:
16
N°:
1
Págs.:
35
Background Missions were established in California in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to convert Native Americans to Christianity and enculturate them into a class of laborers for Californios (Spanish/Mexican settler). The concentration of large numbers of Native Americans at the Missions, along with the introduction of European diseases, led to serious disease problems. Medicinal supplies brought to California by the missionaries were limited in quantity. This situation resulted in an opportunity for the sharing of knowledge of medicinal plants between the Native Americans and the Mission priests. The purpose of this study is to examine the degree to which such sharing of knowledge took place and to understand factors that may have influenced the sharing of medicinal knowledge. The study also examines the sharing of medicinal knowledge between the Native Americans and the Californios following the demise of the California Missions. Methods Two methods were employed in the study: (1) a comparison of lists of medicinal plants used by various groups (e.g., Native American, Mission priests, Californios) prior to, during, and after the Mission period and (2) a close reading of diaries, reports, and books written by first-hand observers and modern authorities to find accounts of and identify factors influencing the exchange of medicinal information.
Revista:
BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY
ISSN:
0753-3322
Año:
2020
Vol.:
129
Págs.:
110424
Aging-related diseases can be triggered by multiple factors such as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, so today, compounds capable of reducing or neutralizing free radicals are being studied for a therapeutic use. Origanum vulgare L. is a traditional medicinal plant used for a wide number of health problems due to its antimicrobial, carminative and antioxidant activities. However, when administered orally, gastrointestinal digestion can modify some of therapeutical properties. To avoid this, two different solid oral formulations have been designed for an O. vulgare extract evaluating their antioxidant behaviours in vitro and in vivo after a simulation of gastrointestinal digestion. The results showed that the divided powder has a lower antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo than the encapsulated extract. The quantitative difference of polyphenols found on HPLC-DAD (especially luteolin, apigenin and caffeic acid) may explain the differences in pharmacological activity. Thus, we propose that the best form to administrate O. vulgare extracts to maintain the antioxidant properties is the encapsulated form, that is, two capsules of 250mg of a hydroalcoholic extract of O. vulgare with a minimum of 33 % of rosmarinic acid as a daily dose.
Revista:
ANTIOXIDANTS
ISSN:
2076-3921
Año:
2019
Vol.:
8
N°:
5
Págs.:
142
The characterization of compounds with antioxidant activity is of great interest due to their ability to reduce reactive oxygen species production and, therefore, prevent some age-related diseases. Its antioxidant capacity can be analyzed by different methods both in vitro and in vivo. Caenorhabditis elegans is an in vivo model widely used in ageing research. Until now, available tests analyze functional effects in the worms, so the antioxidant activity of the compound is indirectly monitored. We have developed a simple and a reliable method to quantify internal antioxidant activity in vivo. To validate this method, we analyzed an aqueous green tea extract and two other compounds with a well-known antioxidant activity and without this activity. The results obtained (EC50 green tea = 21.76 ± 1.28 µg/mL; EC50 positive control = 8.50 ± 0.33 µg/mL; negative control EC50 > 500 µg/mL) can help in the design of further in vivo experiments. Thus, our method can be used as a previous screening capable of reducing the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays.
Revista:
MEAT SCIENCE
ISSN:
0309-1740
Año:
2019
Vol.:
148
Págs.:
219 - 222
The addition of a blackthorn branch extract (Prunus spinosa L.) to a gel emulsion system containing microalgal oil was examined in order to obtain a functional ingredient (APG), for use as fat replacer in beef patties. Chromatographic analysis indicated that catechins were the major polyphenols present in the Prunus spinosa L. extract. The antioxidant capacity increased as a result of the extract addition, as shown by the comparison of the gel emulsions, with and without it (APG and AG, respectively). Beef patties containing APG as fat replacer (modified patties) had a lower fat content (5.3% versus 10.75%), doubled the antioxidant activity and the DHA content, and improved the stability against oxidation by reducing the peroxide content more than two fold when compared to control patties. In addition, instrumental color measured by the CIE L*a*b* system showed no significant difference between control and modified raw patties. Moreover, the sensory acceptability of the new formulation was confirmed by a like/dislike hedonic test.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
ISSN:
1756-4646
Año:
2018
Vol.:
44
Págs.:
146 - 154
Melissa officinalis, Lavandula latifolia and Origanum vulgare are widely used medicinal plants and spices. Their extracts were evaluated as potential antioxidants for functional food formulations. After being submitted to an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, all the extracts showed antioxidant activity (measured by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, TPC). Furthermore, their main polyphenols maintained high stability. Biological activity was measured using Caenorhabditis elegans, which is a widely used model in this context. Treatments of 50 and 100 mu g/mL of M. officinalis significantly attenuated juglone-induced stress in the survival assay performed; moreover, all tested concentrations decreased intracellular ROS. Lavandula latifolia and O. vulgare had no significant effect against acute stress in the survival assay, but significantly decreased ROS basal levels. GST-4 expression under juglone-induced oxidative stress was significantly down-regulated by treatment with the three plant extracts (up to 63%). Besides, similar biological activity of all digested extracts was demonstrated in all in vivo assays.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
ISSN:
0022-1155
Año:
2017
Vol.:
54
N°:
9
Págs.:
2842 - 2851
Gelled emulsions with carrageenan are a novel type of emulsion that could be used as a carrier of unsaturated fatty acids in functional foods formulations. Lipid degradation through volatile compounds was studied in gelled emulsions which were high in polyunsaturated oils (sunflower or algae oil) after 49 days of storage. Aqueous Lavandula latifolia extract was tested as a natural antioxidant. Analysis of the complete volatile profile of the samples resulted in a total of 40 compounds, classified in alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols, furans, terpenes and aromatic hydrocarbons. During storage, the formation of the volatile compounds was mostly related to the oxidation of the main fatty acids of the sunflower oil (linolenic acid) and the algae oil (docosahexaenoic acid). Despite the antioxidant capacity shown by the L. latifolia extract, its influence in the oxidative stability in terms of total volatiles was only noticed in sunflower oil gels (p < 0.05), where a significant decrease in the aldehydes fraction was found.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
ISSN:
1756-4646
Año:
2016
Vol.:
26
Págs.:
428 - 438
The bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of rutin, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid were evaluated using three in nitro gastrointestinal digestion models: filtration, centrifugation and dialysis. At intestinal level, a significant degradation of all compounds was observed when results were expressed on concentration basis (mg/mg lyophilised sample), mainly due to the dilution effect that occurs during digestion. However, when results were expressed as absolute amounts (total mg in the digested fraction), this degradation was much lower, or even absent in the case of rutin. Moreover, bioaccessibility (in terms of total mg) was higher in filtration and centrifugation than in the dialysis method. A significant reduction of antioxidant activity was observed after intestinal digestion of the three standards, regardless of the method used. In conclusion, the methodology and units used to report results are two critical parameters to take into account in bioaccessibility studies.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2016
Vol.:
190
Págs.:
212 - 218
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
Several plants have been found to have effective against number of ophthalmological problems in Navarra.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 686 informants in 267 locations. In order to confirm the pharmacological application of the uses more cited by the informants, a literature review was conducted.
RESULTS:
A total of 57 pharmaceutical uses were reported, for 19 plants and 13 families, mainly represented by Asteraceae. The most frequently used parts were inflorescences, flowers, aerial parts, leaves and flowered aerial parts. The related affections fell into eleven categories: bloodshot eyes, watery eyes and wounds, improve vision, irrited eyelids, rheums and styes, tired eyes, conjunctivitis, eyewash, ocular problems in general. The most cited plants were: Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All., Santolina chamaecyparissus L. ssp. squarrosa (DC.) Nyman, Sambucus nigra L. ssp. nigra, Rosa agrestis Savi and Calendula officinalis L. None of them have been pharmacologically validated by Official International Organisms. From the therapeutic point of view, Allium sativum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., C. officinalis, and S. chamaecyparissus ssp. squarrosa deserve special attention, because ethnobotanical and pharmacological studies suggest that these medicinal plants are effective for ophthalmological problems.
CONCLUSIONS:
The present study constitutes a good basis for further phytochemical
Revista:
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ISSN:
0023-6438
Año:
2015
Vol.:
63
N°:
2
Págs.:
1016 - 1022
The cytotoxic effect of the aqueous extract from Verbena officinalis, was evaluated in vitro on DHD/K12/PROb rat colonic epithelial cell line and HCT-116 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. In both cell lines, the IC50 values were lower than 20 mu g/mL after 72 h of treatment. Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation of 12 phenylethanoid glycosides with anti-proliferative activity, five of them are being reported for the first time. The new compounds were elucidated as 4 ''-acetyl-O-isoverbascoside, 2 '',4 ''-diacetyl-O-verbascoside, 3"',4"'-diacetyl-O-isoverbascoside, 4"',6 ''-diacetyl-O-betonyoside A and 3"',4"'-diacetyl-O-betonyoside A. The IC50 results suggest that antiproliferative activity is determined by not only the number of acetyl-groups but also their position in the aliphatic rings. Compounds exhibiting vicinal acetyl-groups in the sugar rings such as 3"',4"'-diacetyl-O-isoverbascoside and 3"',4"'-diacetyl-O-betonyoside A are particularly strong cytotoxic compounds against both cell lines. This investigation indicated that diacetyl-phenylethanoids might be valuable as cancer chemopreventive agents.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2015
Vol.:
168
Págs.:
255 - 259
Ethnopharmacological relevance: This paper provides important ethnopharmacological information on plants used in musculoskeletal disorders in Navarra.
Material and methods: Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews. In order to confirm the pharmacological validation of the uses, monographs from Official International Agencies (ESCOP, Commission E, WHO and EMA) were reviewed. A literature review was conducted focusing on the plants that were widely used but had no published monograph.
Results: A total of 199 pharmaceutical uses were reported, for 38 plants and 24 families, mainly represented by Asteraceae and Lamiaceae (11%, each), Rosaceae (8%) and Boraginaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Equisetaceae, Malvaceae, Oleaceae and Urticaceae (5%, each). The most frequently used parts were the aerial parts, roots, followed by inflorescences and leaves. Nine out of 38 plants (24%) and 123 uses (62%), had already been pharmacologically validated.
Conclusions: The authors propose to validate four species for their use in musculoskeletal disorders: Verbena officinalis, Symphytum tuberosum, Hypericum perforatum and Equisetum ssp.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2015
Vol.:
169
Págs.:
263 - 268
Ethnopharmacological relevance: This paper provides important ethnopharmacological information on plants used in neurological and mental disorders in Navarra.
Material and methods: Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants in 265 locations. In order to confirm the pharmacological validation of the uses claimed by the informants, monographs from Official International Agencies (ESCOP, Commission E, WHO and EMA) were reviewed. A literature review was conducted focusing on the plants that were widely used but had no published monograph.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
ISSN:
1756-4646
Año:
2015
Vol.:
19
N°:
Sub. A
Págs.:
49 - 62
Total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of branches, leaves and fruits from Prunus spinosa were quantified by spectrophotometrical methods and the results showed solvent and botanical organ dependence. In order to detect antioxidant activity, a method based on the reduction of DPPH was carried out. Activity of ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts of branches demonstrated a higher scavenging capacity compared to other analysed extracts. Phytochemical analysis allowed detecting flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic acids and flavan-3-ols. Ethanolic extract of branches was subjected to an in vitro digestion. Buccal and gastric digestion had no substantial effect on any of the phenolic compounds. However, these compounds were significantly altered during intestinal digestion. The results showed that a significant proportion of these compounds would be transformed into other unknown and/or undetected structural forms. Furthermore, three phenolic acids, two coumarins, fourteen flavan-3-ols, and six flavonols were identified using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS.
Revista:
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
ISSN:
0963-9969
Año:
2015
Vol.:
69
Págs.:
133 -140
Cholesterol oxidation products (COPS) constitute a known health risk factor. The antioxidant effect of a lyophilized aqueous Melissa officinalis extract against cholesterol degradation and COPs formation during a heating treatment was evaluated in a model system (180 degrees C, 0-180 min) at a ratio of 2 mg extract/100 mg cholesterol. Furthermore, the plant extract was subsequently added to beef patties alone or incorporated within an oil-in-water olive oil emulsion to assess its effectiveness during cooking. Melisa extract protected cholesterol from thermal degradation in the model system, yielding higher remaining cholesterol and lower COPs values throughout the whole heating process. Maximum total COPs were achieved after 30 and 120 min of heating for control and melisa-containing samples, respectively. In cooked beef patties, even though the olive oil emulsion was used as flavor-masking approach, melisa extract off-flavor limited the maximum dose which could be added. At these doses (65 mu g/g and 150 mu g/g without and with the emulsion, respectively), no additional protective effect of melisa over the use of the emulsion was found. Addition of natural extracts into functional foods should definitively take into account sensory aspects.
Revista:
MEAT SCIENCE
ISSN:
0309-1740
Año:
2014
Vol.:
96
N°:
3
Págs.:
1185 - 1190
Reduced-energy and reduced-fat Bologna products enriched with ¿-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were formulated by replacing the pork back-fat by an oil-in-water emulsion containing a mixture of linseed-algae oil stabilized with a lyophilized Melissa officinalis extract. Healthier composition and lipid profile was obtained: 85 kcal/100 g, 3.6% fat, 0.6 g ALA and 0.44 g DHA per 100 g of product and ¿-6/¿-3 ratio of 0.4. Technological and sensory problems were not detected in the new formulations. Reformulation did not cause oxidation problems during 32 days of storage under refrigeration. The results suggest it is possible to obtain reduced-fat Bologna-type sausages rich in ALA and DHA and stabilized with natural antioxidants, applying the appropriate technology without significant effects on the sensory quality, yielding interesting products from a nutritional point of view.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2014
Vol.:
157
Págs.:
268 - 273
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
This paper provides significant ethnopharmacological information on plants used to treat cardiovascular diseases in Navarra, Spain.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants (mean age 72; 55.47% women, 44.53% men) in 265 locations. Official sources such as the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP), German Commission E, World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and Real Farmacopea Española (RFE) monographs were consulted in order to establish the therapeutic efficacy of the reported uses and to obtain further details about quality and safety aspects. A literature review was carried out on the plants that were most frequently cited and were not the subject of a monograph, using a new tool developed by the University of Navarra, UNIKA.
RESULTS:
A total of 460 pharmaceutical uses were reported by the informants, belonging to 90 plant species and 39 families, mainly represented by Urticaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, and Equisetaceae. The most frequently used parts of the plants were the aerial parts followed by leaves and flowers. Seventeen out of 90 plants (19%) and 208 out of 460 popular uses (45%) had already been pharmacologically validated in relation to their therapeutic efficacy and safety aspects.
CONCLUSIONS:
The authors propose to validate five species for their use in cardiovascular diseases: Rhamnus alaternus L., Potentilla reptans L., Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., Centaurium erythraea Rafn and Parietaria judaica L.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2014
Vol.:
158
Págs.:
216 - 220
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
This paper provides important ethnopharmacological information on plants used in respiratory affections in Navarra.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants in 265 locations. In order to confirm the pharmacological validation of the uses claimed by the informants, monographs from Official International Agencies (ESCOP, Commission E, WHO and EMA) were reviewed. A literature review was conducted focusing on the plants that were widely used but had no published monograph.
RESULTS:
A total of 456 pharmaceutical uses was reported, for 79 plants and 34 families, mainly represented by Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Crassulaceae and Malvaceae. The most frequently used parts were the aerial parts followed by inflorescences and leaves. Twenty-two out of 79 plants (28%) and 270 of 456 uses (42%), had already been pharmacologically validated.
CONCLUSIONS:
The authors propose Verbena officinalis for validation.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
ISSN:
0022-5142
Año:
2014
Vol.:
94
N°:
4
Págs.:
744 - 751
BACKGROUND:
This applied research was done in order to obtain cooked products (bologna sausages) with significantly lower amounts of energy, total fat and saturated fat and higher amounts of ¿-3 fatty acids than conventional ones. Two subsequent experiments were performed.
RESULTS:
Experiment 1 aimed at pork back-fat reduction and enabled sausages to be obtained with 84¿g¿kg-1 fat and 1334¿kcal¿kg-1 , without significant negative effects on sensory quality. Carrageenan was used as fat replacer. Experiment 2 aimed at improving the lipid profile of the 'energy-reduced' sausages previously developed, by a partial substitution of the pork back-fat with a linseed oil-in water emulsion (substitution levels: 25-100%). Using the 100% substitution level gave rise to products with 27¿g¿kg-1 ¿-linolenic acid, and low saturated fat content (13.5¿g¿kg-1 ), showing good sensory results regarding taste, smell and texture. The use of antioxidant maintained low TBARs (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values in all formulations.
CONCLUSION:
It is possible to obtain cooked meat products (bologna sausages) with low energy, low saturated fat and a high amount of ¿-3 fatty acids simultaneously, applying a combination of the use of carrageenan, linseed oil emulsion and increment of water, without significant effects on sensory quality. Functional products, interesting from a nutritional standpoint, were achieved.
Revista:
PHARMACOGNOSY JOURNAL
ISSN:
0975-3575
Año:
2013
Vol.:
5
N°:
1
Págs.:
2 - 5
Anagallis arvensis L. and Anagallis foemina Mill. (Primulaceae) have been used in Navarra (Spain) as wound healing remedies within a context of traditional medicine. The species have previously demonstrated antimicrobial and COX-inhibiting properties. Cytotoxic effects of the plants have never been established though they are popularly known to be toxic at high doses and/or long term oral administration. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in PC12 and DHD/K12PROb cells using spectrophotometric methods such as the MTT and LDH assays. Both plants reduced cell survival and induced cell damage (LDH release) in a dose-dependent manner, PC12 cells being more sensitive to the extracts than DHD/K12PROb cells. Methanol extracts were significantly more cytotoxic and doses over 80 ¿g/ml reduced cell survival above 50%. Results suggest that these plants may be responsible for the toxic effects that have been described in traditional medicine.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2013
Vol.:
149
N°:
2
Págs.:
533 - 542
Aim of the study: This paper provides significant ethnopharmacological information on plant used in dermatological affections in Navarra.
Material and methods: Information was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants (mean age 72; 55.47% women, 44.53% men) in 265 locations. In order to confirm the pharmacological validation of the uses reports, the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP), German Commission E, World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and Real Farmacopea Espanola (RFE) monographs have been revised. A literature review has been carried out with the plants without monograph and high frequency citations, using a new tool of the University of Navarra, UNIKA.
Results: A total of 982 pharmaceutical uses are reported from the informants, belonging to 91 plants and 42 families, mainly represented by Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Crassulaceae. The most frequently used parts of the plants are aerial parts followed by leaves and inflorescences. Seventeen out of 91 plants (19%) and 148 of 982 popular uses (15%), have already been pharmacologically validated.
Conclusions: The authors propose seven species for their validation (Allium cepa, Sambucus nigra, Hylotelephium maximum, Chelidonium majus, Ficus carica, Allium sativum and Anagallis arvensis).
Revista:
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
ISSN:
0963-9969
Año:
2013
Vol.:
51
N°:
1
Págs.:
132-140
The effect of storage temperature (65 degrees C, 48 h) on the oxidative stability of a food-grade water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion was studied by comparison with an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. The emulsions were prepared with linseed oil or olive oil, and in each case, two antioxidants were evaluated, an aqueous Melissa lyophilized extract and BHA. Emulsions were characterized using bright field light microscopy and the oxidation was monitored by measuring the lipid hydroperoxides, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CD) and trienes (CT), alpha-tocopherol and Lipophilic Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (L-ORACFL) Assay.
A great stability of olive oil emulsions was observed, without noticing differences between antioxidants or type of emulsion. This behavior was not observed in linseed oil emulsions. In this case the lipophilic antioxidant (BHA) seemed to be more efficient delaying the lipid oxidation in W/O/W emulsions than the water Melissa extract while the opposite occurs in the O/W emulsion. The type of antioxidant is a key factor in controlling oxidation in W/O/W and O/W emulsions which are prepared with highly polyunsaturated oils, but not in the case of highly monounsaturated ones.
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
ISSN:
1876-3820
Año:
2013
Vol.:
5
N°:
6
Págs.:
537 - 546
Introduction: To provide significant ethnopharmacological information on the plants used to treat digestive problems in the Navarra region of Spain.
Materials and methods: Information was collected using semi-structured, ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants (mean age 72; 55.47% women, 44.53% men) in 265 locations. Monographs from the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP), the German Commission E, the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and the Real Farmacopea Espanola (RFE) were used to confirm and validate the pharmacological actions for the reported uses of these plants. In cases when frequently reported plants were not covered by a monograph, a literature review was performed using a new tool from the University of Navarra: the UNIKA database.
Results: A total of 1214 pharmaceutical uses were reported by the informants of this study; these uses originated from 126 plants and 47 families and were mainly represented by Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Rosaceae. The most frequently used parts of the plants were the inflorescences, followed by the flowered aerial parts and fruits. Thirty-three out of 126 plants (26%) and 322 of their identified 1214 popular uses (27%), have already been pharmacologically validated.
Conclusions: The authors propose that four species should be explored and validated (Santolina chamaecyparissus ssp. squarrosa, Jasonia glutinosa, Jasonia tuberosa and Prunus spinosa) because these species are frequently mentioned and show promise for therapeutic treatments.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
ISSN:
2159-5828
Año:
2012
Vol.:
2
N°:
1
Págs.:
56 - 63
A pre-emulsified mixture of linseed and algae oils (15/10) and stabilized with 686 ppm of a lyophilized water extract of
Melissa officinalis, was successfully applied in dry fermented sausages to increase the ¿-3 PUFA content. The objective of this work
was to evaluate the stability of this modified formulation during the storage and to compare it to that of a traditional formulation.
Traditional and modified products were stored during 90 days at 4 ºC in aerobic conditions. Fatty acid profiles, TBARS and volatile
compounds derived from oxidation were analyzed at 0, 30 and 90 days of storage. The fatty acid profiles did not significantly change
along the storage period. The stabilizing effect of the natural antioxidants of M. officinalis could contribute to detect no losses of ¿-3
PUFA in Modified (30 days: 2.13 g/100 g of product, 90 days: 2.33 g/100 g of product), whereas in Control products a slightly
significant reduction was detected (30 days: 0.34 g/100 g of product, 90 days: 0.29 g/100 g of product). After 90 days, the increases
of TBARS and hexanal content were much higher in Control than in Modified (Control: 1.41 mg MDA/kg & 17,915 ng dodecane/kg
of dry matter; Modified: 0.48 mg MDA/kg & 2,496 ng dodecane/kg of dry matter). In conclusion, the lyophilized water extract of M.
officinalis protected high ¿-3 PUFA of dry fermented sausages from oxidation along the storage time, guaranteeing the nutritional
improvements achieved with the modified formulation.
Revista:
LE TRUFFICULTEUR FRANÇAIS
ISSN:
1245-5016
Año:
2012
Vol.:
79
Págs.:
8 - 10
Revista:
Plant foods for human nutrition
ISSN:
0921-9668
Año:
2011
Vol.:
66
N°:
4
Págs.:
328 - 334
Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is consumed as a traditional herbal tea in the Mediterranean region. The cytotoxic effect of the 50% ethanolic and aqueous extract, determined by the MTT and NR assays, was evaluated in vitro on Human Colon Cancer Cell Line (HCT-116), using Triton 10% as positive control. The 50% ethanolic extract showed significant differences after 72 h of treatment, reducing cell proliferation to values close to 40%, even the lowest dose tested (5 mu g/ml). In the MTT assay, the same extract caused the lowest cell viability with 13% at a concentration of 1,000 mu g/ml after 72 h of treatment, being a value lower than Triton 10%. The antioxidant activity was also confirmed evaluating the capacity of the extracts to scavenge ABTS and DPPH radicals, and IC(50) values were highly correlated with the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation of an anti-proliferative compound, rosmarinic acid. Its structural elucidation was performed by HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS analysis. High dose of rosmarinic acid (1,000 mu g/ml) was clearly cytotoxic against HCT-116 cells, with a significant decrease in cell number since the earliest time point (24 h).
Revista:
LWT- Food Science and Tecnology
ISSN:
0023-6438
Año:
2011
Vol.:
44
N°:
4
Págs.:
875 - 882
Revista:
Meat Science
ISSN:
0309-1740
Año:
2011
Vol.:
88
N°:
4
Págs.:
705 - 711
Revista:
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2011
Vol.:
133
N°:
1
Págs.:
138 - 146
Revista:
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2011
Vol.:
137
N°:
1
Págs.:
844 - 855
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2011
Vol.:
135
N°:
1
Págs.:
22 - 33
Aim of the study: This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on pharmaceutical plant uses in the Riverside of Navarra. Thereby, it will extend and complement a recent previous study carried out in the Northern Navarra. This paper aim to collect, analyse and evaluate the ethnobotanical knowledge about medicinal plants in the Riverside of Navarra (Iberian Peninsula) with 2554.4 km(2) and 144,674 inhabitants.
Material and methods: We performed semi-structured interviews with 147 informants (mean age 76 years; the percentage of men and women was almost 50%) in 34 locations, identified the plants reported and analyzed the results, comparing them with those from other territories.
Results: The informants reported data on 90 medicinal plants belonging to 39 botanical families. This work is focused on human medicinal plant uses, which represent 99% of the pharmaceutical uses (541). The species with the highest number of cites are Santolina chamaecyparissus ssp. squarrosa, Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis and Urtica dioica. All different plant parts are used; aerial part is exploited more frequently than other plant parts. Most of the listed remedies use a single ingredient, typically soaked in water. The percentage of internal uses is three times higher than external uses.
Conclusions: The main ailments treated are digestive troubles, dermatological problems, and respiratory affections. Informants reported 11 new or scarcely cited uses for 8 medicinal plants. For 50% of the species (4) we have not found bibliographical references in the scientific literature and 50% have only one or two references.
Revista:
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2011
Vol.:
134
N°:
3
Págs.:
1014 - 1017
Revista:
Plant foods for human nutrition
ISSN:
0921-9668
Año:
2010
Vol.:
65
N°:
2
Págs.:
179 - 185
Revista:
Biodiversity and Conservation
ISSN:
0960-3115
Año:
2010
Vol.:
19
N°:
14
Págs.:
3861 - 3891
The diversity below (ectomycorrhizae) and above (vascular flora) ground in brûlés of black truffle production areas have been studied together for the first time, both in plantations and in natural areas, as possible indicators of the microecology of these zones. Studies on the ectomycorrhizal community of mature plantations are scarce. However, monitoring the dynamics of such systems is important to understand the conditions that promote truffle fructification. In the study described here the most frequent ectomycorrhizae are Tuber melanosporum and Quercirrhiza quadratum. In the plantations, Q. quadratum is the most abundant morphotype and in the natural area it is Cenococcum geophilum. The development of truffle ecosystems involves the appearance of competitor species with wide networks of hyphae and rhizomorphs. On the other hand, there are few studies concerning the special composition of the vascular flora growing in brûlés. We identified 199 taxa, most of them Mediterranean or Eurosiberian xerophiles and therophytes. This is consistent with the ecology of truffle production areas (dry, sunny and stony). These plants are heavily influenced by the inhibiting substances produced by the truffle and, as a result, they suffer from inhibited growth and in some cases cannot complete their life cycle.
Revista:
Meat Science
ISSN:
0309-1740
Año:
2010
Vol.:
85
N°:
2
Págs.:
373 - 377
Revista:
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
ISSN:
0378-8741
Año:
2010
Vol.:
130
N°:
2
Págs.:
369 - 378
Revista:
Meat Science
ISSN:
0309-1740
Año:
2010
Vol.:
85
N°:
2
Págs.:
274 - 279
Nacionales y Regionales
Título:
Alternativas de fertilización nitrogenada en hortalizas para minimizar su contenido en nitratos y mejorar su calidad alimentaria
Código de expediente:
0011-1383-2019-000005 PC068-069 Nitrohealthy 2
Investigador principal:
Idoia Ariz Arnedo
Financiador:
GOBIERNO DE NAVARRA
Convocatoria:
2019 GN Centros
Fecha de inicio:
01/12/2018
Fecha fin:
30/11/2019
Importe concedido:
80.948,51€
Otros fondos:
-
Título:
Identificación, producción y aplicación biotecnológica de nuevas oxigenasas de origen fúngico
Código de expediente:
0011-1383-2020-000010 PC158
Investigador principal:
María Isabel Calvo Martínez
Financiador:
GOBIERNO DE NAVARRA
Convocatoria:
2020 GN Proyectos Colaborativos
Fecha de inicio:
01/10/2020
Fecha fin:
30/11/2022
Importe concedido:
163.008,60€
Otros fondos:
-
Título:
Nueva gama de embutidos curados saludables con sabor tradicional (TRADICIÓN).
Código de expediente:
0011-1365-2017-000237
Investigador principal:
Diana María Ansorena Artieda
Financiador:
GOBIERNO DE NAVARRA
Convocatoria:
2017 GN I+D
Fecha de inicio:
01/09/2017
Fecha fin:
10/06/2019
Importe concedido:
129.044,16€
Otros fondos:
-
Título:
MODULACIÓN PERSONALIZADA DE LA MICROBIOTA MEDIANTE EL DISEÑO INTELIGENTE DE ALIMENTOS E INGREDIENTES A PARTIR DEL DIAGNÓSTICO BASADO EN ENTEROTIPOS (NUTRIBIOTA)
Código de expediente:
0011-1411-2018-000040
Investigador principal:
Fermín Ignacio Milagro Yoldi
Financiador:
GOBIERNO DE NAVARRA
Convocatoria:
2018 GN PROYECTOS ESTRATEGICOS DE I+D 2018-2020
Fecha de inicio:
01/05/2018
Fecha fin:
30/11/2020
Importe concedido:
477.778,14€
Otros fondos:
-
Título:
Alternativas de fertilización nitrogenada en hortalizas para minimizar su contenido en nitratos y mejorar su calidad alimentaria
Código de expediente:
0011-1383-2018-000005 PC061-062 NITROHEALTHY
Investigador principal:
Idoia Ariz Arnedo
Financiador:
GOBIERNO DE NAVARRA
Convocatoria:
2018 GN Centros
Fecha de inicio:
01/02/2018
Fecha fin:
30/11/2018
Importe concedido:
82.657,44€
Otros fondos:
-
Título:
Matrices alimentarias de origen vegetal con potencial actividad antioxidante sometidas a diferentes tecnologías: evaluación química y biológica
Código de expediente:
AGL2014-52636-P
Investigador principal:
María Paz de Peña Fariza
Financiador:
MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA, INNOVACIÓN Y UNIVERSIDADES
Convocatoria:
2014 MINECO Proyectos de Excelencia
Fecha de inicio:
01/01/2015
Fecha fin:
31/12/2018
Importe concedido:
175.450,00€
Otros fondos:
-
