Revistas
Revista:
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
ISSN:
0360-1323
Año:
2023
Vol.:
228
Págs.:
109899
Overheating in dwellings is a global concern that is increasing due to global warming and more frequent and extreme heatwaves. This study assesses the relationship between different building parameters (built period, floor level, orientation, window area and solar shading) and compares indoor overheating hours during summer in twelve apartments monitored in Pamplona (North of Spain). They were selected as samples from different Spanish built periods related to different energy regulations, without mechanical cooling and with some kind of exterior solar shading. Overheating hours were calculated using the UNE-EN 16798 standard, which establishes a maximum acceptable operative temperature. This limit is adaptive and it is defined as the exponentially weighted running mean of the daily outdoor temperature. Multilevel mixed-effects linear and logistic regressions were used to analyse and compare overheating hours. Floor level, window area and solar shading were the parameters that showed a significant relationship with indoor overheating hours (p < 0.01). Orientation and built period did not reach a statistically significant value (p > 0.01). It is particularly noteworthy that the apartments built under the current Spanish Energy Regulations (after 2006) do not show a significant reduction in indoor overheating hours compared to those built without any energy regulations. This assessment reveals that current building energy regulations may not be enough to avoid overheating or ensure adaptation to warmer conditions. Therefore, this study contributes to establishing the main building parameters to improve in order to adapt Spanish apartment buildings to warming conditions in temperate climates.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2023
Vol.:
229
Págs.:
113620
Indoor overheating is a current problem due to increasingly higher external temperatures and more frequent and extreme heatwaves which specially impact naturally ventilated dwellings. This paper presents a methodology at neighbourhood-scale to analyse indoor overheating hours (IOH) of residential typologies and to investigate building parameters that most influence IOH. This study is based on energy simulations for two climate scenarios: typical meteorological year and extreme warm summer with heatwaves (2022), and the effect of urban microclimate is considered by using the Urban Weather Generator tool. Results with the typical meteorological year show 0% IOH for all dwellings, while those derived from simulation with summer 2022 show a significant increase in IOH with values above 30% IOH in the most overheated ones. The effect of microclimate is especially relevant in the extreme warm summer and increases the IOH by 7,5% on average. Among the building parameters studied, the number of orientations (related to potential of natural ventilation), orientation and the floor level of the dwellings have the highest influence on IOH. These results could help policy-makers and technicians detect the risk of overheating in cities and buildings and prevent it by improving the adaptation of the residential stock to current warming.
Autores:
Calama-González, C. M. (Autor de correspondencia); Escandón, R.; Alonso, A.; et al.
Revista:
HELIYON
ISSN:
2405-8440
Año:
2023
Vol.:
9
N°:
5
Págs.:
e16102
Heat waves are expected to increase the use of air conditioning (AC), deriving in higher energy consumption. This research aims to determine whether thermal insulation is an effective retrofit strategy for tackling overheating. Four occupied dwellings in southern Spain were monitored: two houses built prior to any thermal criteria and two with current thermal standards. Thermal comfort is assessed considering adaptive models and user patterns for the operation of AC and natural ventilation. Results show that a high level of insulation combined with a proper use of night-time natural ventilation can increase thermal comfort hours under heat waves, lasting 2-5 times longer than in poorly-insulated houses and with up to 2 degrees C temperature difference at nights. Long-term effectiveness of insulation under extreme heat presents a better thermal performance, especially in intermediate floors. Yet, the activation of AC usually occurs with indoor tempera-tures of 27-31 degrees C, regardless of the envelope's solution.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2022
Vol.:
254
Págs.:
111567
The COVID pandemic has strongly affected daily life both in Spanish schools and worldwide. Providing the best environmental conditions for children allowing face-to-face learning with healthy and safe indoor spaces is a challenge. In the present study, empirical research about how these environmental conditions change with COVID is presented comparing the situation from March 2020 to January 2021. The methodology combines surveys conducted in nine schools with a case study in a selected school where a detailed monitoring of the building was developed during both heating seasons. This data analyzes the impact of the new COVID prevention protocols on indoor environmental conditions (especially those related to natural ventilation). Results show a mean CO2 reduction of 1,400 ppm, having in the second term values around 1,000 ppm, although temperatures diminished nearly 2 degrees C to mean values of 18 degrees C. Evolution of temperature and CO2 concentration throughout the day was also analyzed, being these indoor conditions especially important for the children with poorer health. Mechanical ventilation with heating recovery should complement natural ventilation, at least during the coldest months or hours of the day, although systems have to be carefully designed and installed to work effectively. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2022
Vol.:
272
Págs.:
112339
The lack of green open spaces undermines the environmental and social quality of tropical highly-dense cities (i.e. raises urban temperatures, limits social interaction). The goal of this study, which focused on environmental aspects, was to identify underlying factors (i.e. hypothetical constructs) in semi-outdoor spaces within building forms that explain their microclimatic behaviour, thermal comfort levels, and clustering. Sixty-three semi-outdoor spaces in four high/mid-rise building forms of Singapore were stud-ied using microclimatic data collected from field measurements and analysed via inferential statistical methods (e.g., exploratory factor analysis, multivariate regression analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis). Findings demonstrate: (1) that spatial attributes (i.e. height, depth, void, solid, total frontage, open frontage, area, volume, perimeter, sky view factor, green plot ratio) are manifestations of three underlying factors: volume porosity (VP), perimeter openness (PO) and exposure to sky (ES); (2) that VP and PO are sig-nificantly associated with air velocity and predicted thermal comfort; and (3) that vertical breezeways appear to be the most thermally comfortable cluster due to high VP and low PO. This study sheds new light on the spatial nature of semi-outdoor spaces, which designers can consider in order to enhance wind movement for promoting thermally comfortable semi-outdoor environments in highly-dense Singapore.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Revista:
APPLIED SCIENCES
ISSN:
2076-3417
Año:
2022
Vol.:
12
N°:
15
Págs.:
7361
In the fight against climate change, energy modeling is a key tool used to analyze the performance of proposed energy conservation measures for buildings. Studies on the integration of photovoltaic energy in buildings must use calibrated building energy models, as only with them is the demand curve real, and the savings obtained at the self-consumption level, energy storage in the building, or feed into the grid are accurate. The adjustment process of a calibrated model depends on aspects inherent to the building properties (envelope parameters, internal loads, use schedules) as well as external to them (weather, ground properties, etc.). Naturally, the uncertainty of each is essential to obtaining good results. As for the meteorological data, it is preferable to use data from a weather station located in the building or its surroundings, although this is not always possible due to the cost of the initial investment and its maintenance. As a result, weather stations with public access to their data, such as those located at airports or specific locations in cities, are largely used to perform calibrations of building energy models, making it challenging to converge the simulated model with measured data. This research sheds light on how this obstacle can be overcome by using weather data provided by a third-party company, bridging the gap between reality and energy models. For this purpose, calibrations of the two buildings proposed in Annex 58 were performed with different weather configurations, using the mean absolute error (MAE) uncertainty index and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) as comparative measures. An optimal and cost-effective solution was found as an alternative to an on-site weather station, based on the use of a single outdoor temperature sensor in combination with third-party weather data, achieving a robust and reliable building energy model.
Autores:
Rose, J. (Autor de correspondencia); Thomsen, K. E.; Domingo-Irigoyen, S.; et al.
Revista:
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
ISSN:
2210-6707
Año:
2021
Vol.:
72
Págs.:
103037
Renovation at district scale is a key strategy to reduce CO2 emissions by optimising the implementation of renewable energy sources and taking advantage of economy of scale. This paper focuses on analysing good practice examples on energy renovations at district scale. The paper adapts a qualitative research methodology in four phases, including the multi-perspective analysis of nine exemplary renovation projects in six European countries, including identification of drivers and barriers of different stakeholders. It is found that the drivers for a district renovation are not restricted to energy savings, but typically also include improving the overall quality of life as well as the image and economic value of a district. Moreover, the need for financial models that can alleviate split-incentive problems between investors and resident organizations is identified. Barriers for carrying out a district renovation include that there is a need to comply with energy standards, that the renovation scope had to be limited to avoid a noticeable rent increase and that resettling of tenants during the renovation is often not possible. Lessons learned include that good communication amongst the different stakeholders, especially with residents, plays a key role for the success of the project. Furthermore, a strong leadership is needed to coordinate activities due to the great number of stakeholders.
Revista:
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
ISSN:
2210-6707
Año:
2021
Vol.:
75
Págs.:
103246
Renovation at district scale is a key strategy to reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumptions by optimising the implementation of renewable energy sources and taking advantage of economies of scale. In this context, this paper focuses on assessing the positive impacts and difficulties after the energy rehabilitation of thermal envelopes in two buildings that belong to two different District Heating systems. The methodology is based on the comparative analysis of indoor temperatures data and energy consumption data of 17 monitored dwellings. The results showed a significant association between the improvement of envelopes and the increase of indoor temperatures in winter (ß=0,644). Due to some technical and social barriers, the heating system was not regulated after the rehabilitation, so energy consumption was unnecessarily high, there were situations of indoor overheating in winter (maximum average indoor temperatures between 24-26°C) and these issues produced dissatisfaction on neighbours. In order to avoid these negative consequences, some recommendations are provided, such as informing neighbours about expectations in each step of the long rehabilitation process, reconsidering payments to promote the envelope rehabilitation but maintaining a fixed cost to protect vulnerable groups, and promoting post-occupational studies that contribute to the viability and up-date of this kind of District Heating systems.
Revista:
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
ISSN:
0360-1323
Año:
2021
Vol.:
205
Págs.:
108255
In highly dense tropical cities, a semi-outdoor space (SOS) is frequently used as a social space within tall building forms where people can interact and connect. Thermal comfort in SOSs within tall buildings, however, may vary depending on the type and form attributes that define it. This study classifies 63 SOSs in four tall buildings of Singapore into five types based on literature review: perimeter buffers, sky terraces, horizontal breezeways, breezeway atria and vertical breezeways. Findings suggest that the five SOS types perform differently in terms of thermal comfort (based on PMV*), environmental parameters (air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity), and building form attributes (height-to-depth ratio, open space ratio, and green plot ratio). Of these five, vertical breezeways and horizontal breezeways are the most thermally comfortable for all activities during a typically warm hour. It is postulated that higher thermal comfort levels in these SOS types are linked to form attributes that enhance air velocity. This study examines the pros and cons of each SOS type in terms of thermal comfort in their role as communal spaces in tall buildings situated within a highly dense tropical city.
Revista:
APPLIED SCIENCES
ISSN:
2076-3417
Año:
2021
Vol.:
11
N°:
5
Págs.:
2167
Building information modelling (BIM) is the first step towards the implementation of the industrial revolution 4.0, in which virtual reality and digital twins are key elements. At present, buildings are responsible for 40% of the energy consumption in Europe and, so, there is a growing interest in reducing their energy use. In this context, proper interoperability between BIM and building energy model (BEM) is paramount for integrating the digital world into the construction sector and, therefore, increasing competitiveness by saving costs. This paper evaluates whether there is an automated or semi-automated BIM to BEM workflow that could improve the building design process. For this purpose, a residential building and a warehouse are constructed using the same BIM authoring tool (Revit), where two open schemas were used: green building extensible markup language (gbXML) and industry foundation classes (IFC). These transfer files were imported into software compatible with the EnergyPlus engine-Design Builder, Open Studio, and CYPETHERM HE-in which simulations were performed. Our results showed that the energy models were built up to 7.50% smaller than in the BIM and with missing elements in their thermal envelope. Nevertheless, the materials were properly transferred to gbXML and IFC formats. Moreover, the simulation results revealed a huge difference in values between the models generated by the open schemas, in the range of 6 to 900 times. Overall, we conclude that there exists a semi-automated workflow from BIM to BEM which does not work well for big and complex buildings, as they present major problems when creating the energy model. Furthermore, most of the issues encountered in BEM were errors in the transfer of BIM data to gbXML and IFC files. Therefore, we emphasise the need to improve compatibility between BIM and model exchange formats by their developers, in order to promote BIM-BEM interoperability.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Year-round high temperatures and humidity in the Tropics, coupled with poor design decisions and climate change, can cause indoor environments to overheat, affecting health and increasing energy demand and carbon emissions. Passive cooling could help lower the indoor overheating risk. Given the gap in the relative influence of passive cooling design strategies on lowering the indoor overheating risk in tropical locations, this study investigated their impact in two warm tropical cities (i.e., Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula), considering both current and future climate scenarios, with a total of 3840 thermal simulations performed. Indoor overheating risk in apartment-type dwellings was assessed using two metrics (i.e., hours of exceedance and the indoor overheating degree), and considering fixed and adaptive thermal comfort limits. Simulation results show that the overheating risk can be significantly lowered in these tropical contexts using solely passive cooling strategies as heat adaptation measures. Multivariate regression models demonstrate that natural ventilation, wall absorptance, the solar heat gain coefficient, and semi outdoor spaces have the greatest impact in lowering the risk in vertical social housing projects. This study emphasizes the importance of passive cooling and overheating protection design strategies in tropical building codes and building design while considering current and future risk. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Autores:
Echarri Iribarren, V. (Autor de correspondencia); Hien Wong, N.; Sánchez-Ostiz, Ana
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
Año:
2021
Vol.:
13
N°:
2
Págs.:
588
The present study focuses on the application of large-format thermal ceramic conditioning panels (TCPs) containing polypropylene (PPR) capillary tube mats in dwellings on the Mediterranean coast. The thermal and energy behaviours were examined once the underfloor heating was installed, and they were compared with an alternative wall application. The system was implemented in a single-family house located on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. After having monitored the house during a complete one-year cycle, the annual energy demand was quantified using the Design Builder tool. TCP panels applied to radiant floors reduced energy demand by 5.15% compared to the wall-layout alternative. Significant reductions in CO2 emissions were also achieved, as well as a 25.19% reduction in energy demand compared to convection systems. The incorporation of 24 m(2) of solar thermal panels into the system, combined with solar cooling systems based on lithium chloride, was also analysed. A reduction in energy demand of 57.46% was obtained compared to all-air convection systems. Finally, the amortisation periods of the investments in TCP panels and solar panels were calculated and compared to a convection system. Underfloor TCP panels proved to be more cost-effective than a wall installation. The additional cost of EUR 21,844 could be amortised over approximately 14 years with the radiant underfloor TCP system, while the wall TCP would be amortised over 17.4 years.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2021
Vol.:
230
Págs.:
110544
This study delved on the role of semi-outdoor spaces (SOS), as form-based strategies, in providing enhanced, thermally comfortable environments in highly dense urban contexts. A sample of sixtythree (63) SOS was studied, within four different mid-rise and high-rise buildings located in the warm-humid tropical city of Singapore. It was found: (i) that SOS may act as thermal buffer spaces; (ii) that microclimate creation in SOS is linked to form, specifically to geometrical variables such as void-to-solid ratio, height, height-to-depth ratio, height from ground level, green plot ratio and open space ratio, which influence significantly the environmental factors of air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity and relative humidity; (iii) that some aforementioned geometrical variables (height-to-depth ratio and open space ratio) are linked to thermal comfort when estimated with SET* and PMV* thermal indices; (iv) and that thermal comfort (between-1 and +1 PMV*) can be achieved in SOS considering a typical Singaporean outdoor CLO of 0.3, especially for 1 MET (85.7% of SOS). In the context of Singapore, this study demonstrates that incorporating SOS to mid-rise and high-rise building forms promotes the creation of thermally comfortable microclimates suitable for human activity, even during the hottest hours. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Revista:
SUSTAINABILITY
ISSN:
2071-1050
Año:
2020
Vol.:
12
N°:
24
Págs.:
10480
The air-tightness of the thermal envelope of buildings is one of the measures to reduce their energy demands in order to achieve global warming reduction targets. To this end, airtight sheets with different water vapour permeability characteristics are used. The different products studied are highly dispersed in terms of equivalent air thickness values, leading to confusion. After the analysis carried out, it is concluded that all airtight sheets are vapour barriers. To clarify whether or not these sheets are necessary as vapour barriers, a condensation analysis was carried out on 13 different facades for 3 climate zones with severe winters as defined in Spanish regulations. The results reveal that interstitial condensation occurs in only 7 of the 39 case studies, with the traditional facades of brickwork with render causing the greatest problems if the appropriate products are not used. In these cases, airtight sheets with water vapour barrier characteristics must be applied on the interior face of the insulating material. In all other cases (32), the airtight sheets must be permeable to water vapour if it is looked for a more breathable wall to water vapour and a better control of the interior humidity conditions.
Revista:
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
ISSN:
0360-1323
Año:
2020
Vol.:
171
Págs.:
106664
Cities with hot tropical climate suffer generally from warm conditions during all year long, which could result on buildings 'overheating' or high energy consumption by cooling. This paper is the first of its kind in Central America, region that lacks studies regarding thermal performance of buildings. This study develops an overheating risk assessment to twelve dwellings of Tegucigalpa, Honduras, with a warm tropical climate, based on 41-day field study measurements of indoor air temperatures during its hottest season of the year. The aim of the study was to find if overheating risk differed depending on the building typology, single-family (SD) or apartment-type (AT), and based on the latter, to what extent roof exposure to solar gains and material properties, such as u-values and thermal mass, are parameters that influence the risk of overheating. The adopted methodology followed CIBSE TM52 Overheating Risk Methodology, and EN15251 and ASHRAE 55 adaptive thermal comfort approaches. Overheating risk was found to vary depending on the residential building typology. Dwellings with high roof exposure and high u-values in roof were found to be 'overheating' more. Following CIBSE TM52 methodology, some AT and SD dwellings experienced hours of exceedance above 3% of occupied hours, reaching up to 12.5% (61 h) and 20.3% (133 h) of occupied hours, respectively. Passive strategies such as improving roof properties (e.g. low u-values), shading and night ventilation may be necessary to reduce the risk of overheating in Tegucigalpa and similar tropical contexts where air conditioning is less affordable.
Revista:
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
ISSN:
2210-6707
Año:
2020
Vol.:
57
Págs.:
102109
In order to achieve the emission reduction target for 2030, European Commission requires member countries that from the end of the decade onwards, only nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB) are built. The renovation of the building stock is essential to achieve this goal. Working in consolidated urban contexts is very complex, so in this paper a solution to facilitate the process is proposed. This paper has developed a methodology for designing a roof extension and renovating an existing residential building as a measure of housing creation in already consolidated neighborhoods, and achieve a nZEB and ZEB renovated buildings. Based on typological classification of residential buildings, a single solution applicable to a multiple number of cases is provided to maximize the potential of the proposed solution. This solution was implemented in Chantrea neighborhood in Pamplona, Spain. The results show that it is possible to carry out the renovation of a residential building with a rooftop extension that complies with requirements for models nZEB and ZEB, and to apply this solution on 27 % of the neighborhood stock residential buildings. This would provide a reduction of total primary energy consumption of 62 % (nZEB) and 74 % (ZEB).
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN:
1660-4601
Año:
2018
Vol.:
15
N°:
2
Págs.:
E387
Since the origin of the Modern Movement, there has been a basic commitment to improving housing conditions and the well-being of occupants, especially given the prediction that 2/3 of humanity will reside in cities by 2050. Moreover, a compact model of the city with tall buildings and urban densification at this scale will be generated. Continuous constructive and technological advances have developed solid foundations on safety, energy efficiency, habitability, and sustainability in housing design. However, studies on improving the quality of life in these areas continue to be a challenge for architects and engineers. This paper seeks to contribute health-related information to the study of residential design, specifically the influence of the geomagnetic field on its occupants. After compiling information on the effects of geomagnetic fields from different medical studies over 23 years, a case study of a 16-story high-rise building is presented, with the goal of proposing architectural design recommendations for long-term occupation in the same place. The purpose of the present work is three-fold: first, to characterize the geomagnetic field variability of buildings; second, to identify the causes and possible related mechanisms; and third, to define architectural criteria on the arrangement of uses and constructive elements for housing.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF FACADE DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
ISSN:
2213-302X
Año:
2018
Vol.:
6
N°:
2
Págs.:
109 - 119
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2018
Vol.:
173
Págs.:
428 - 442
The provision of proper indoor thermal conditions in winter is a requirement for health and comfort that is seriously compromised in Southern European countries by poverty and inadequate housing. According to Eurostat (EU-SILC, 2016), 10.1% of the population in Spain state they are "unable to keep their home adequately warm" in winter, unveiling one of the critical consequences of energy poverty. Although relevant field monitoring assessment have been conducted in other European countries, very little research has been carried out in the context of Spain. In this study we collected winter indoor temperature data, socio-economic, building and heating system characteristics from 112 multi-family dwellings in social housing built in the 40-80s in the North of Spain. The main building determinants of temperature variation were examined and assessed according to the socioeconomic situation through a mediation analysis. The principal findings showed that households living within district heating networks maintained temperatures above 18 degrees C on a continuous basis, whereas 54% of households living outside these heating networks presented temperatures below this threshold during night periods in bedrooms, while 25% had temperatures below 18 degrees C during both day-time and night-time occupied periods. Within this 25% of cold homes, 16.4% corresponded to households under the poverty threshold. As the mediation analyses showed, poorer households in the sample were associated with lower temperatures and higher temperature contrast throughout their dwellings for the following reasons: a lower incidence of vulnerable cases within district heating networks, heating restriction behaviours, higher dependency on room-heaters, lack of central heating and more thermally inefficient dwellings. The evidence presented in this paper offers a new framework for comparing the assumptions derived from other contexts to the situation in Spain about the effects of space heating and housing deprivation on thermal conditions, provides a basis for reviewing some possible intervention, and aims to raise social and political awareness further about this issue. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Revista:
APPLIED ENERGY
ISSN:
0306-2619
Año:
2016
Vol.:
168
Págs.:
691 - 705
Buildings today represent 40% of world primary energy consumption and 24% of greenhouse gas emissions. In our society there is growing interest in knowing precisely when and how energy consumption occurs. This means that consumption measurement and verification plans are well-advanced. International agencies such as Efficiency Valuation Organization (EVO) and International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) have developed methodologies to quantify savings. This paper presents a methodology to accurately perform automated envelope calibration under option D (calibrated simulation) of IPMVP ¿ vol. 1. This is frequently ignored because of its complexity, despite being more flexible and accurate in assessing the energy performance of a building. A detailed baseline energy model is used, and by means of a metaheuristic technique achieves a highly reliable and accurate Building Energy Simulation (BES) model suitable for detailed analysis of saving strategies. In order to find this BES model a Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is used, together with a highly efficient engine to stimulate the objective, thus permitting rapid achievement of the goal. The result is a BES model that broadly captures the heat dynamic behaviour of the building. The model amply fulfils the parameters demanded by ASHRAE and EVO under option D.
Revista:
ENERGY PROCEDIA
ISSN:
1876-6102
Año:
2015
Vol.:
78
Págs.:
2385 - 2390
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2015
Vol.:
108
Págs.:
244 - 256
This research shows the study and analysis of sunspaces behaviour as passive elements of architecture during the summer, taking into account that they are fundamentally passive solar heating elements for winter. This study is carried out through monitoring and energy simulation of six case studies, applying it to summer 2011¿2012 which was extremely hot for the climate zone in which it is located. These results are useful for the study of residential buildings with the forecasts of climate change for Pamplona, especially for an architectural element as sensitive to overheating as is an attached sunspace. The research concludes that attached sunspaces also have a good thermal behavior in summer, even in extreme conditions, as long as they are designed and used properly, and therefore no active cooling system is necessary.
This research also explores the energy efficiency and optimized design of the sunspaces for different climate zones in Spain, selected attending mainly to the severity of summer although with different winter conditions.
Revista:
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
ISSN:
0378-7788
Año:
2014
Vol.:
80
Págs.:
231 - 246
This investigation deals with the thermal performance of two passive solar components. An attached sunspace with horizontal heat storage and another one with vertical thermal storage were designed in order to optimize the use of solar gain, its storage and distribution in an industrialized component.
These sunspaces have been tested under real conditions, comparing their thermal performance with two commonly used components in residential buildings in Spain: a window and a double window making up an attached sunspace. Different series of experimental measurements were made in two test-cells exposed to outdoor conditions in Pamplona (Northern Spain). As a result, nine scenarios during winter 2011 and six ones during summer 2012 have been carried out, comparing all the prototypes two by two with different use modes.
Resu**lts show that a sunspace with heat storage takes advantage of the solar energy and improves the indoor thermal performance of the adjacent room during winter in a better way than a window or a simple sunspace, and that it has also a better performance in summer. The best results in winter and summer were obtained when an appropriate use of the component is performed, in concordance with outdoor conditions; some thermal control actions for the good performance of these components are suggested.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR HOUSING SCIENCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS
ISSN:
0146-6518
Año:
2011
Vol.:
35
N°:
1
Págs.:
35 - 44
Capítulos de libros
Libro:
Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
Editorial:
Ed. Springer
Año:
2021
Págs.:
1 - 63
In Spain and other Mediterranean countries, some museums lack cooling and ventilation systems. They usually are located in historical buildings with heritage protection requirements. This is particularly complex in a building with a use that has to attend to comfort conditions for visitors and workers, and to very specific and demanding indoor thermal and relative humidity fluctuations for the conservation of its artwork collection. So, current requirements for museums and the hardening of summer conditions and the heatwaves events related to Climate Change require facing refurbishment measures usually related with the building envelope and the implementation of HVAC systems that require energy. This chapter presents a case study of a museum in the north of Spain, that has monitored data of 10 years (temperature and relative humidity), more detailed monitored data of 2019 summer with two very early heatwaves, and the analysis of different passive measures to implement attending to the characteristics of the building (with high thermal mass, without solar shading, and without ventilation and AC systems) in order to achieve suitable environmental conditions in a museum and with the lowest energy consumption, and ¿ready¿ for the hardening of summer conditions due to global warming.
Libro:
Scale jumping: Regenerative systems thinking within the built environment. A guidebook for regenerative implementation: interactions, tools, platforms, metrics, practice
Lugar de Edición:
Bolzano
Editorial:
Eurac Research
Año:
2021
Págs.:
43 - 46
Libro:
Scale jumping: Regenerative systems thinking within the built environment. A guidebook for regenerative implementation: interactions, tools, platforms, metrics, practice
Lugar de Edición:
Bolzano
Editorial:
Eurac Research
Año:
2021
Págs.:
51 - 55
Libro:
REHABEND 2020 8th Euro-American Congress: Construction Pathology, Rehabilitation Technology and Heritage Management
Lugar de Edición:
Granada
Editorial:
REHABEND 2020
Año:
2020
Págs.:
1849 - 1856
Libro:
Planning Post Carbon Cities: Proceedings of the 35th PLEA Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture
Lugar de Edición:
A Coruña
Editorial:
University of A Coruña & Asoc. PLEA 2020 Planning Post Carbon Cities
Año:
2020
Págs.:
61 - 66
Two recently completed high-rise residential developments, located side-by-side in a neighbourhood in Singapore, are compared in a post-occupancy study. Both have near identical demographics, are exposed to the same microclimate, and constructed with a similar palette of materials. The primary difference is form. One has a high degree of porosity with inner voids that act as conduits for natural air flow and offer a sheltered space for social engagement. The other is more compact, less porous and has social spaces attached to the building¿s exterior. The study included surveys of residents, behavioural observations and environmental measurements. On three counts ¿ self-reported energy use, thermal comfort and social interaction ¿ the former appears to be more successful than the latter. Findings suggest that building form affects multiple outcomes at once. A form strategy that lowers energy use, for instance, can also improve social engagement. The implication of this socioenvironmental approach to form-making is discussed in the context of high-density tropical typologies.
Libro:
REHABEND 2020 8th Euro-American Congress: Construction Pathology, Rehabilitation Technology and Heritage Management
Lugar de Edición:
Granada
Editorial:
REHABEND 2020
Año:
2020
Págs.:
430 - 439
Autores:
Aparicio, X.; Erkoreka, A.; del Portillo, L. A.; et al.
Libro:
Planning Post Carbon Cities: Proceedings of the 35th PLEA Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture
Lugar de Edición:
A Coruña
Editorial:
University of A Coruña & Asoc. PLEA 2020 Planning Post Carbon Cities
Año:
2020
Págs.:
205 - 210
Libro:
Construction, pathology, rehabilitation, technology and heritage, rehabend 2018.
Editorial:
Ignacio Lombillo
Año:
2018
Págs.:
1858 - 1868
Libro:
Construction, pathology, rehabilitation, technology and heritage, rehabend 2018.
Editorial:
Ignacio Lombillo
Año:
2018
Págs.:
1807 - 1815
Libro:
33st International PLEA Conference
Editorial:
PLEA
Año:
2017
Págs.:
1013 - 1020
Libro:
Ecología y desarrollo humano: Conversaciones sobre Laudato si'
Lugar de Edición:
Pamplona
Editorial:
EUNSA UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA
Año:
2017
Págs.:
97 - 102
Libro:
ReUSO Granada 2017 Sobre una arquitectura hecha de tiempo
Lugar de Edición:
Granada
Editorial:
Editorial Universidad de Granada
Año:
2017
Págs.:
217 - 224
Libro:
Rehabend 2016. Euro-american congress. Construction, Pathology, Rehabilitation technology and Heritage management
Lugar de Edición:
Burgos
Editorial:
Villegas- Lombillo- Blanco - Bofill
Año:
2016
Págs.:
1632 - 1640
Libro:
6th International Building Physics Conference (IBPC 2015): Torino, Itali, 14-17 june 2015: Part 1 of 4. Energy Procedia Volume 78
Lugar de Edición:
Torino
Editorial:
Elsevier B.V.
Año:
2016
Págs.:
2385 - 2390
Libro:
Building regulations and control in the face of climate change at WBC16. CIB World Building Congress.
Editorial:
Tampere University of Technology. Department of Civil Engineering
Año:
2016
Págs.:
841 - 852
Libro:
Familia y Sociedad en el siglo XXI
Lugar de Edición:
Madrid
Editorial:
DYKYNSON, S. L.
Año:
2016
Págs.:
127 - 141
Libro:
Cuidar la creación : estudios sobre la Encíclica "«Laudato si'»
Lugar de Edición:
Pamplona
Editorial:
EUNSA
Año:
2016
Págs.:
41 - 63
Libro:
PLEA2015 Architecture in (R)Evolution
Lugar de Edición:
Bolonia
Editorial:
Ass. Building Green Futures, Bologna
Año:
2015
Págs.:
1 - 8
Libro:
Adaptive Facade Network Europe
Lugar de Edición:
Delft
Editorial:
TU Delft Open
Año:
2015
Págs.:
29
Libro:
31st International PLEA Conference
Editorial:
PLEA
Año:
2015
Págs.:
1 - 8
Libro:
5th Annual International Conference on Architecture
Editorial:
The Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER)
Año:
2015
Págs.:
86 - 87
Libro:
World Sustainable Building 2014 Barcelona Conference: October 28/30th 2014. Vol. 1, Sustainable Building: RESULTS. Are we moving as quickly as we should? It's up to us!
Lugar de Edición:
Madrid
Editorial:
Green Building Council España (Madrid)
Año:
2014
Págs.:
2 - 8
Libro:
World Sustainable Building Conference, WSB14
Lugar de Edición:
Barcelona
Editorial:
Green Building Council España
Año:
2014
Págs.:
2 - 8
Libro:
40 IAHS World Congress on Housing Science.
Editorial:
TTeCons - Instituto de Lnvesti gação e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Ciências da Construção (Ed.)
Año:
2014
Págs.:
1 - 9
Libro:
Rehabend 2014. Congreso Latinoamericano sobre patología de la construcción, tecnología de la rehabilitación y gestión del patrimonio
Lugar de Edición:
Santander
Editorial:
Ediciones Universidad de Cantabria
Año:
2014
Págs.:
1288 - 1295
Libro:
Congreso Latinoamericano sobre Patología de la Construcción, Tecnología de la Rehabilitación y Gestión del Patrimonio REHABEND 2014
Editorial:
Universidad de Cantabria
Año:
2014
Págs.:
1372 - 1379
Libro:
World Sustainable Building 2014 Barcelona Conference: October 28/30th 2014. Vol. 1, Sustainable Building: RESULTS. Are we moving as quickly as we should? It's up to us!
Lugar de Edición:
Madrid
Editorial:
Green Building Council España (Madrid)
Año:
2014
Págs.:
351 - 356
Libro:
39th world conference on housing science. Chanching needs, adaptative buildings, smart cities.
Lugar de Edición:
Milan
Editorial:
Oktay Ural- Emilio Pizzi - Sergio Croce
Año:
2013
Págs.:
429 - 437
Libro:
39th world conference on housing science. Chanching needs, adaptative buildings, smart cities
Lugar de Edición:
Milan
Editorial:
Oktay Ural- Emilio Pizzi - Sergio Croce
Año:
2013
Págs.:
309 - 318
Libro:
Sustainable architectrure for a rerenewable future. PLEA 29th conference 2013
Editorial:
University of Munnich
Año:
2013
Págs.:
1 - 6
Libro:
39th world conference on housing science. Chanching needs, adaptative buildings, smart cities.
Lugar de Edición:
Milan
Editorial:
Oktay Ural- Emilio Pizzi - Sergio Croce
Año:
2013
Págs.:
525 - 531
Libro:
Jornadas Internacionales de Investigación en Construcción. La vivienda: pasado, presente y futuro: resúmenes y actas
Editorial:
Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.
Año:
2013
Págs.:
162
Libro:
Conference proceedings of 29th conference, Sustainable architecture for a renewbable future.
Lugar de Edición:
Munich
Editorial:
Fraunhofer Irb Verlag
Año:
2013
Págs.:
1 - 6
Libro:
Sustainable architecture for a renewable future
Editorial:
PLEA
Año:
2013
Págs.:
1 - 6
Libro:
Home and Identity: The Private-Public Nexus
Lugar de Edición:
Roma
Editorial:
University Tree
Año:
2012
Págs.:
1 - 18
Libro:
Proyecto CONCLIMAT: industrialización de viviendas bioclimáticas de coste optimizado
Lugar de Edición:
Pamplona
Editorial:
Ed. CRANA
Año:
2012
Págs.:
27 - 52
Libro:
PATORREB 2012. 4º Congreso de patología y rehabilitación de edificios
Editorial:
Colegio Oficial de arquitectos de Galicia
Año:
2012
Págs.:
147 - 152
Libro:
XXXVIII IAHS World Congress on Housing
Editorial:
Istanbul Technical University
Año:
2012
Págs.:
414 - 421
Libro:
Proccedings of the XXXVII IAHS World Congress on Housing
Lugar de Edición:
Santander
Editorial:
Ediciones Universidad de Cantabria
Año:
2010
Págs.:
144 - 145
