Introduction: The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends lung cancer screening for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but data is lacking regarding results of screening in this high-risk population. The main goal of the present work is to explore if lung cancer screening with Low Dose Chest Tomography (LDCT) in people with COPD, allows lung cancer (LC) diagnosis in early stages with survival compatible with curative state. Methods: This is a post hoc exploratory analysis. Pamplona International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (P-IELCAP) participants with a GOLD defined obstructive pattern (post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<0.70) were selected for analysis. The characteristics of those who developed LC and their survival are described. A Cox proportional analysis explored the factors associated with LC diagnosis. Results: Eight hundred and sixty-five patients (77% male, 93% in spirometric GOLD stage 1+2) were followed for 102±63 months. LC prevalence was 2.6% at baseline, with an annual LC diagnosis rate of 0.68%. Early-stage tumors predominated (74%) with a median survival (25-75th percentiles) of 139 (76-185) months. Cumulative tobacco exposure, FEV1%, and emphysema were the main predictors of an LC diagnosis. Eight (11%) patients with COPD had a second LC, most of them in early stage (92%), and 6 (8%) had recurrence. Median survival (25-75th percentiles) in these patients was 168 (108-191) months.

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19 causative agent, has infected millions of people and killed over 1.6 million worldwide. A small percentage of cases persist with prolonged positive RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for prolonged viral shedding among patient's basal clinical conditions. METHODS: We have evaluated all 513 patients attended in our hospital between March 1 and July 1. We have selected all 18 patients with prolonged viral shedding, and compared them with 36 sex-matched randomly selected controls. Demographic, treatment and clinical data were systematically collected. RESULTS: Global median duration of viral clearance was 25.5 days (n=54; IQR, 22-39.3 days), 48.5 days in cases (IQR 38.7-54.9 days) and 23 days in controls (IQR 20.2-25.7), respectively. There were not observed differences in demographic, symptoms or treatment data between groups. Chronic rhino-sinusitis and atopy were more common in patients with prolonged viral shedding (67%) compared with controls (11% and 25% respectively) (p<0.001 and p=0,003). The use of inhaled corticosteroids was also more frequent in case group (p=0.007). Multivariate analysis indicated that CRS (odds ratio [OR], 18.78; 95% confidence interval [95%CI],3.89 - 90.59; p<0.001) was independently associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in URT samples, after adjusting for initial PCR Ct values. CONCLUSION: We found that chronic rhino-sinusitis and atopy might be ass