Revistas
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
ISSN 0309-2402
Vol. 78
N° 7
Año 2022
Págs.1990 - 2003
Aims To determine the associations between internal assets (planning and decision-making, interpersonal competence and commitment to learning) and substance use (tobacco, alcohol, binge drinking, marijuana use and other drugs). Design A cross-sectional study was conducted in four countries (Chile, Mexico, Spain and Peru). Methods Adolescents aged 12-18 self-completed a multi-purpose questionnaire between 2016 and 2019. Multiple logistic regressions and structural equation models were performed to analyse the association between internal assets (planning and decision-making, interpersonal competence, and commitment to learning) and substance use. Results The results indicate that planning and decision-making and commitment to learning are conducive to the prevention of substance use. On the contrary, interpersonal competence was not associated with substance use. Conclusion The present study shows that planning and decision-making and commitment to learning can be relevant factors in explaining substance use during adolescence. Internal assets can be an important aspect to include in health promotion interventions with children, youth and families to prevent substance use. These findings may be useful for researchers, schools, paediatric nurse practitioners, and health professionals in general to design health programs focused on children and adolescents. Furthermore, the Developmental Assets framework has been proved as a suitable frame of reference for paediatric nurse practitioners to assess and develop child and adolescent positive development and design health promotion interventions to prevent substance use.
Revista:
NURSING AND HEALTH SCIENCES
ISSN 1441-0745
Vol. 24
N° 1
Año 2022
Págs.152 - 162
Becoming a first-time father is an important transition period in men's lives that is frequently accompanied by joy and happiness. Engaging fathers has a broader impact on family and community and on fathers' own well-being. This study explores the process of men becoming first-time fathers and the experiences and challenges involved. Seventeen interviews with men in different stages of pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period were conducted. Through a grounded theory design, a novel four-stage theoretical model emerged that represents the journey to first-time fatherhood. These stages are beginning the journey, fatherhood in limbo, facing reality, and settling down. Participants suggested that achieving a new normality was the final stage where they finally felt located with a sense of mastery in their journey to fatherhood. The novel theoretical approach of addressing the process of men's transition allowed more complete access to their perspectives. Men's needs are different at every phase of the transition to fatherhood, and the use of these findings can help care providers in caring for every man according to the stage he is facing.
Revista:
NURSE EDUCATION TODAY
ISSN 0260-6917
Vol. 106
Año 2021
Págs.105001
BACKGROUND: Cultural sensibility is an important concept linked to the achievement of cultural competence. Health professionals must first improve their cultural sensibility to become culturally competent and to be able to offer competent care to culturally diverse populations. Aim To develop and psychometrically test the Cultural Sensibility Scale for Nursing (CUSNUR), a cultural sensibility scale that can be used in nursing for the achievement of competencies needed to care for culturally diverse populations.
DESIGN AND METHODS: The cross-sectional survey was conducted over two stages. The first stage involved the cross-cultural and discipline-specific adaptation of an existing scale addressing this concept in the field of law using the reverse translation method. Second, validation of the scale was carried out from October 2016-June 2017 by studying the psychometric properties of the questionnaire through an analysis of content acceptability and reliability and through exploratory factor analysis (EFA).
RESULTS: The questionnaire was designed to be clear, easy to understand, and of adequate length, and experts involved in content validation agreed that the scale meets these criteria. A total of 253 nursing students participated in the validation stage. Four factors were identified from the EFA: (1) patient and health professional behaviours, (2) self-assessments, (3) self-awareness, and (4) cultural influence. Two items were excluded. Factorial saturation is adequate for all factors (>0.30). The Cronbach alpha was measured as 0.75.
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the first version of the CUSNUR and demonstrates that the scale is valid and reliable.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN 1660-4601
Vol. 18
N° 5
Año 2021
Págs.2253
The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the differential impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown (3rd April 2020) on stress, health practices, and self-care activities across different Hispanic countries, age range and gender groups. 1082 participants from Spain, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador took part in this study. Irrespective of the country, and controlling for income level, young people, especially females, suffered a greater level of stress, perceived the situation as more severe, showed less adherence to health guidelines and reported lower levels of health consciousness, in comparison to their male peers and older groups. However, in the case of self-care, it seems that older and female groups are generally more involved in self-care activities and adopt more healthy daily routines. These results are mostly similar between Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. However, Chile showed some different tendencies, as males reported higher levels of healthy daily routines and better adherence to health guidelines compared to females and people over the age of 60. Differences between countries, genders and age ranges should be considered in order to improve health recommendations and adherence to guidelines. It would also be crucial to identify vulnerable groups to promote the adoption of health behaviors that may help in the development of effective public health strategies. Future studies should be addressed to explore the possible causations of such [...]
Revista:
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CARING SCIENCES
ISSN 0283-9318
Vol. 35
N° 2
Año 2021
Págs.548 - 558
Background Breastfeeding care plays a fundamental role in establishing breastfeeding and longer duration after discharge. Practices though vary among professionals involved and are often inconsistent with good practices recommended, being a threat to women's breastfeeding self-efficacy. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is considered a predictor for successful breastfeeding and a significant variable amenable to intervention for promoting lactation Aim To evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of a new breastfeeding self-efficacy promoting programme (SIALAC) on 6-month breastfeeding maintenance. Methods In this exploratory multi-centre controlled trial, participants were allocated into control and intervention groups sequentially. Professionals in charge of the treatment groups were trained in between, with an especial focus on reducing practice variability. Control and intervention group women received usual care, and the intervention group received in addition SIALAC, a three-stage breastfeeding self-efficacy promoting programme. Primary outcome was breastfeeding maintenance up to 6 months analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Student's t-test or chi-square tests were also used for continuous and categorical variables. Data on breastfeeding status and breastfeeding self-efficacy were collected at baseline, and 4, 8 and 24 weeks after birth. Results From May 2014 through November 2015, participants were enrolled. The sample consisted of 112 women. No relevant socio-demographic or obstetric difference was found between groups. The intervention achieved a significant difference between groups in breastfeeding survival (X-2 = 4.94, p = 0.026). Six-month breastfeeding maintenance was significantly higher in the intervention group (67% vs. 55%; X-2 = 5.384, p = 0.020). Breastfeeding dropout in the control group was 3.3 (CI 1.1, 10.1) times higher than that of the intervention group at 6 months. Breastfeeding self-efficacy scores were higher in the intervention group although without significant statistical difference. The programme showed good acceptability. Conclusion Breastfeeding self-efficacy promoting programme SIALAC was beneficial in fostering 6-month breastfeeding survival. Full-scale trial should consider feasibility-related issues identified.
Revista:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN 1661-7827
Vol. 17
N° 21
Año 2020
Págs.8170
This study aimed to determine the associations between parental monitoring and affection and three adolescent lifestyle aspects: constructive leisure, non-constructive leisure and substance use. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four countries (Chile, Mexico, Spain and Peru). Adolescents aged 12-15 self-completed a multi-purpose questionnaire. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to analyse the association between the parental monitoring and affection variables and the outcomes in terms of the children's lifestyles. The results indicate that parental monitoring is conducive to more constructive leisure and less non-constructive leisure and seems to be conducive to the prevention of substance use. Furthermore, parental affection is conducive to constructive leisure and the prevention of substance use. The discussion focuses on the fact that the family can be a protective resource associated with positive adolescent development.
Revista:
NURSE EDUCATION IN PRACTICE
ISSN 1471-5953
Vol. 45
Año 2020
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an education short course on professional¿ self-efficacy in the area of breastfeeding care. The intervention had a pre-post design. A total of 43 healthcare professionals attended the course. The Kirkpatrick model for the development, implementation and evaluation of education actions was used for a 4.5-h course. The aspects evaluated included professionals¿ satisfaction and learning regarding confidence to support lactating mothers, perceived transfer of knowledge to the workplace and organizational changes. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires (participants, unit managers, and education planners), before and after the intervention. Participants' satisfaction with the education action was high in all of the aspects measured (greater than 3.9 in scores of 0¿5). Professionals showed a significant increase in self-efficacy levels for supporting breastfeeding (Wilcoxon test p-value = < 0.05, before intervention: median = 55, [IQR] = 11; after intervention: median = 60, [IQR] = 14). Participants, managers and organizers of the course identified changes in the way that professionals cared for breastfeeding mothers. In conclusion, this educational intervention enhanced professional self-efficacy and performance in breastfeeding care.
Revista:
NURSING AND HEALTH SCIENCES
ISSN 1441-0745
Vol. 22
N° 2
Año 2020
Págs.273 - 282
The objective of this study was to analyze the healthcare encounters between nurses and parents of different cultural backgrounds in primary health care. An ethnographic study was carried out using participant observations in health centers and interviews with nurses. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and constant comparative method. Four main themes were identified when nurses met parents of other cultural backgrounds: lack of mutual understanding, electronic records hamper the interaction, lack of professionals' cultural awareness and skills, and nurses establish superficial or distant relationships. The concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural imposition are behind these findings, hampering the provision of culturally competent care in primary health services. There were difficulties in obtaining and registering culturally related aspects that influence children's health and development. This was due to e¿records, language barriers, and the lack of cultural awareness and skills in health professionals making the encounters difficult for both nurses and parents. These findings show that there is a clear threat for health equity and safety in primary care if encounters between nurses and parents do not improve to enable nursing care to be tailored to any individual family needs.
Revista:
HORIZONTE DE ENFERMERIA
ISSN 0716-8861
Vol. 30
N° 1
Año 2019
Págs.88 - 98
El número de personas migrantes a nivel internacional ha ascendido en todo el mundo, alcanzando actualmente los 244 millones de personas. Este dato representa un 3,3 % de la población mundial. Los estudios muestran mayores tasas de enfermedad, invalidez, muerte y una atención de menor calidad en las personas inmigrantes. El énfasis para mejorar la atención a la diversidad cultural ha estado normalmente en la capacitación de los profesiones, con menos protagonismo del estudio de las organizaciones en las que estos trabajan. Se llevó a cabo una revisión narrativa de la literatura con el objetivo de identificar tanto las características que deberían tener las organizaciones sanitarias para ser culturalmente competentes, como posibles acciones de mejora para proporcionar un cuidado de calidad atendiendo a la diversidad cultural. La literatura muestra que para ser culturalmente competentes las organizaciones deben incluir cinco aspectos: el compromiso organizacional con la diversidad, la existencia de gestores que promuevan acciones enfocadas a la diversidad cultural, el mantenimiento de registros de datos de la población a la que dan cobertura, la presencia de personal diverso trabajando en ellas y la garantía del mantenimiento de una comunicación culturalmente competente. Identificar estos componentes puede ayudar a las organizaciones a analizar sus estructuras y funcionamiento y así planificar acciones que ayuden a reducir las disparidades étnicas y mejorar la calidad.
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
ISSN 0309-2402
Vol. 75
N° 8
Año 2019
Págs.1764 - 1781
Aim To show the results of an exploratory trial based on social and emotional learning to promote healthy lifestyles in 5-6 aged children. Design A randomized controlled trial. Method The study was conducted from 2015-2016. Thirty-seven children were allocated to the intervention group (N = 19) and control group (N = 18). A multi-method and multi-component evaluation approach was used to capture the preliminary efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of the programme. Repeat measures ANOVA followed by an ANCOVA tests were applied for the inferential analysis and for qualitative data, a content analysis was used. Results Positive effects on emotional perception and resilience were found in children's intervention group. Children and families showed high programme's acceptability and a wide range of barriers and facilitators were identified during the implementation process. Conclusion Predicted mechanisms to improve healthy lifestyles in children throughout social and emotional competence seem to be supported by some of the study's results. However more research is needed to replicate such results and confirm these mechanisms. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02975544.
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN 1101-1262
Vol. 28
N° Supl. 4
Año 2018
Págs.218
Background:
The Ottawa Charter identified five key action areas for Health Promotion, the first of which referred to building healthy public policies. However, several studies criticise that expenditure in public health is lower than it should be and the impact of existing wide inequities in health. While a number of reasons have been suggested, there is an urgent need to foster the implementation of health promotion in order to contribute to population¿s health. The aim of this study was to map out the key agents and ingredients for the implementation of health promotion.
Methods:
A literature review was conducted in Pubmed combining terms such as stakeholders, health promotion and intersectoral action.
Results:
Different levels at which key agents or stakeholders were operating were identified in relation to health promotion: macro, meso, and micro levels. There was some variation in stakeholders according to level. Several key concepts were identified that, while related, also suggested a transition between them. This was the case with intersectoral action, health governance, health in all policies and governance for health. Among the key ingredients identified were: health promoting integrated policies and programmes with government leadership, strong legislation, civil society participation and intersectoral decision making. Building community business models, and knowledge brokers appeared to be strategies that showed some promise.
Conclusions:
This review has mapped out health promotion stakeholders operating at different levels. Similarly, it has enabled to identify a number of key concepts and strategies as a first step to foster partnerships among the identified stakeholders.
Key messages:
It is vital to identify the stakeholders at different levels in the implementation of health promotion.
Strategies to foster partnerships among stakeholders are required for the implementation of health promotion.
Revista:
HORIZONTE DE ENFERMERIA
ISSN 0716-8861
Vol. 28
N° 3
Año 2017
Págs.5 - 21
La promoción y apoyo a la lactancia materna proporcionado por profesionales de la salud en diferentes entornos es una de las estrategias con evidencia de resultados exitosos. El propósito de este estudio es desarrollar una escala para conocer la autoeficacia percibida por los profesionales de salud acerca de su capacidad para procurar cuidados a las madres que amamantan. Metodología. El diseño de la escala se hizo utilizando la versión española de la escala BreastfeedingSelf-EfficacyScale-Short Form para madres. Las pruebas de validación se realizaron creando un grupo de expertos y pilotando la herramienta con profesionales que cuidaban a madres lactantes de dos centros asistenciales. Las propiedades psicométricas de la escala se examinaron analizando su validez, fiabilidad, sensibilidad y factibilidad.Resultados. La escala ¿Autoeficacia Profesional para los Cuidados en Lactancia¿ (APCLA)contiene 14 ítems conforme al dominio de interés, con opciones de respuesta de 1 a 5. Se elaboró en formato papel y electrónico. Tras la valoración del comité de expertos, se pilotó con 43 enfermeras y matronas. La escala muestra resultados prometedores con respecto asu validez, fiabilidad (Alpha de Cronbach 0,967), sensibilidad (p<0,05) y factibilidad. Conclusión. Aunque será necesario continuar con el proceso de validación en otras poblaciones y con mayor número de participantes, el instrumento ha mostrado buenos resultados para la medición de la autoeficacia profesional. La valoración de l
Revista:
GACETA SANITARIA
ISSN 0213-9111
Vol. 31
N° 3
Año 2017
Págs.269 - 272
The World Health Organization states that health promotion is a key strategy to improve health, and it is conceived as a global process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. Health promotion does not focus solely on empowering individuals dealing with their knowledge, attitudes and skills, but it also takes political, social, economic and environmental aspects influencing health and wellbeing into account. The complexity of applying these concepts is reflected in the five paradoxes in health promotion; these arise in between the rhetoric in health promotion and implementation. The detected paradoxes which are described herein involve the patient versus the person, the individual versus the group, disease professionals versus health professionals, disease indicators versus health indicators, and health as an expense versus health as an investment. Making these contradictions explicit can help determine why it is so complex to put the concepts related to health promotion into practice. It can also help to put forward aspects that need further work if health promotion is to put into practice. (C) 2017 SESPAS: Published by Elsevier Espaila, S.L.U.
Revista:
ANALES DEL SISTEMA SANITARIO DE NAVARRA
ISSN 1137-6627
Vol. 37
N° 3
Año 2014
Págs.401 - 409
Revista:
PROCEDIA: SOCIAL & BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
ISSN 1877-0428
Vol. 132
Año 2014
Págs.522 - 526
Objectives
To present the methodological challenges of an ethnographic study designed to gain better understanding of the cultural encounters (CE).
Methods
Participant observations of the CE in between families with children and nurses will be carried out, in the context of an ethnographic design.
Results
The challenges to be faced include: accessing to participants and obtaining the informed consents, the role to be adopted during data collection by the researcher, establishing a trusting relationship with the participants, the effect that feeling observed may have on participants¿ behaviors, and identifying the researcher's influence during the research process.
Conclusions
The observations of the CE present methodological challenges that need to be dealt with during the whole research process to ensure validity and relevance.
Revista:
ATENCION PRIMARIA
ISSN 0212-6567
Vol. 45
N° Supl. 2
Año 2013
Págs.103 - 104
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
ISSN 1101-1262
Vol. 22 (suppl 2)
Año 2012
Págs.291
Revista:
ANALES DEL SISTEMA SANITARIO DE NAVARRA
ISSN 1137-6627
Vol. 34
N° 3
Año 2011
Págs.409 - 418
Fundamento. La lactancia materna es importante para promover el desarrollo saludable del recién nacido. A pesar de sus beneficios, el abandono es masivo durante el primer trimestre de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar cómo las madres primerizas percibían y experimentaban la lactancia materna para poder identificar así los aspectos que influyen en su instauración.
Material y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo con un enfoque fenomenológico descriptivo, en el que participaron 12 madres primíparas que fueron entrevistadas en profundidad en dos ocasiones, una los primeros días tras el parto y otra al mes de haber dado a luz. Los datos obtenidos se grabaron y transcribieron para analizarlos con el método de Giorgi.
Resultados. El significado esencial de la experiencia vivida por las madres que participaron en este estudio se puede resumir en los cinco temas que se detallan a continuación: la idealización de la lactancia; la incertidumbre ante las dificultades; el deseo de privacidad durante las tomas; la responsabilidad compartida con el niño para lograr el éxito; y finalmente, la desorganización en sus vidas y la modificación del rol de la mujer.
Conclusiones. Conocer las experiencias de las madres primíparas en la etapa de instauración de la lactancia, permitirá a los profesionales diseñar intervenciones específicas adaptadas a ellas. Los profesionales deberían tener en cuenta las expectativas de cada madre y cómo hace frente al nuevo rol[...]