Resumen:
Inhibitor of differentiation-1 (Id1) might constitute a novel prognostic factor able to differentiate indolent from aggressive prostate tumors. In this study, 2 cohorts of 52 and 79 prostate cancer patients were selected for Id1 expression analysis. Higher levels of Id1 protein in advanced poor-prognosis patients and a correlation of higher Id1 mRNA expression levels with a lower survival in stage I to III patients were observed.
Background: In the prostate-specific antigen era, potentially indolent prostate tumors are radically treated, causing overtreatment. Molecular prognostic factors might differentiate indolent from aggressive tumors, allowing avoidance of unnecessary treatment. Patients and Methods: Fifty-two prostate cancer patients (20 organ-confined and 32 metastatic) were selected. All formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded primary biopsies and matched metastases of 15 of them were evaluated for tumor and endothelial cell Id1 protein expression. Seventy-nine additional patients with organ-confined prostate cancer were selected for Id1 mRNA in silico analysis. Results: Among metastatic cancer subjects, 48% of primary tumors and 38% of metastases showed Id1 tumor cell expression, and 79% of primary tumors and 81% of metastases showed endothelial immunoreactivity. In the organ-confined group none of them showed Id1 protein tumor cell expression and 50% displayed endothelial expression. In the metastatic patients group, lower levels of Id1 protein predicted a nonsignificant longer overall survival (13 months vs. 7 months; P = .79). In the in silico analysis, however, lower levels of Id1 mRNA predicted a longer disease-free survival (61 months vs. not-reached; P = .018) and the hazard ratio for progression was 0.451 (P = .022) in favor of patients showing lower levels. Conclusion: In our cohort, it seems to be a differential epithelial expression of Id1 protein according to the prognostic features (metastatic/poor prognosis vs. organ-confined/good prognosis). In localized tumors treated with radical prostatectomy, higher Id1 mRNA expression levels might predict a higher hazard ratio for progression and a shorter disease-free survival. Further validation of these results in larger prospective series is warranted.
