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Early corticosteroids are associated with lower mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a cohort study

Autores: Monedero Rodríguez, Pablo (Autor de correspondencia); Gea Sánchez, Alfredo; Castro, P.; Candela Toha, A. M.; Hernández Sanz, M. L.; Arruti, E.; Villar, J.; Ferrando, C.
Título de la revista: CRITICAL CARE (PRINT)
ISSN: 1364-8535
Volumen: 25
Número: 1
Páginas: 2
Fecha de publicación: 2021
Resumen:
BackgroundCritically ill patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) have a high fatality rate likely due to a dysregulated immune response. Corticosteroids could attenuate this inappropriate response, although there are still some concerns regarding its use, timing, and dose.MethodsThis is a nationwide, prospective, multicenter, observational, cohort study in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 admitted into Intensive Care Units (ICU) in Spain from 12th March to 29th June 2020. Using a multivariable Cox model with inverse probability weighting, we compared relevant outcomes between patients treated with early corticosteroids (before or within the first 48 h of ICU admission) with those who did not receive early corticosteroids (delayed group) or any corticosteroids at all (never group). Primary endpoint was ICU mortality. Secondary endpoints included 7-day mortality, ventilator-free days, and complications.ResultsA total of 691 patients out of 882 (78.3%) received corticosteroid during their hospital stay. Patients treated with early-corticosteroids (n=485) had lower ICU mortality (30.3% vs. never 36.6% and delayed 44.2%) and lower 7-day mortality (7.2% vs. never 15.2%) compared to non-early treated patients. They also had higher number of ventilator-free days, less length of ICU stay, and less secondary infections than delayed treated patients. There were no differences in medical complications between groups. Of note, early use of moderate-to-high doses was associated with better outcomes than low dose regimens.ConclusionEarly use of corticosteroids in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is associated with lower mortality than no or delayed use, and fewer complications than delayed use.
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