Resumen:
Obesity is associated with high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-¿), which promotes inflammation in adipose tissue. The omega-3 PUFAs, and their derived lipid mediators, such as Maresin 1 (MaR1) have anti-inflammatory effects on adipose tissue. This study aimed to analyze if MaR1 may counteract alterations induced by TNF-¿ on lipolysis and autophagy in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our data revealed that MaR1 (1-100¿nM) inhibited the TNF-¿-induced glycerol release after 48¿hr, which may be related to MaR1 ability of preventing the decrease in lipid droplet-coating protein perilipin and G0/G1 Switch 2 protein expression. MaR1 also reversed the decrease in total hormone sensitive lipase (total HSL), and the ratio of phosphoHSL at Ser-565/total HSL, while preventing the increased ratio of phosphoHSL at Ser-660/total HSL and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 induced by TNF-¿. Moreover, MaR1 counteracted the cytokine-induced decrease of p62 protein, a key autophagy indicator, and also prevented the induction of LC3II/LC3I, an important autophagosome formation marker. Current data suggest that MaR1 may ameliorate TNF-¿-induced alterations on lipolysis and autophagy in adipocytes. This may also contribute to the beneficial actions of MaR1 on adipose tissue and insulin sensitivity in obesity.
